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Recent Submissions
IMPACT OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT ON CHILDREN’S WELFRAE IN BUSIU SUB-COUNTY, MBALE DISTRICT.
(2024-09-03) MUZAKI ESTHER
ABSTRACT
Despite of government interventions through policy and legislation, children‘s welfare is still
low. Children re known of school dropout, lack of decent shelter and are affected and infected by
diseases such as HIV/AIDS. The main objective of this study will be to assess the impact of
sexual harassment on children‘s welfare in Busiu Sub County in Mbale district. Specifically, the
study was guided by the following objectives namely, to identify the factors contributing to
sexual harassment of children in Busiu Sub county in Mbale district, to examine the impact of
sexual harassment on children‘s welfare in Busiu Sub county in Mbale district and to assess
strategies for preventing sexual harassment and improve children‘s welfare in Busiu Sub county
in Mbale district. Data was collected from 80 respondents in Busiu Sub County who included
opinion leaders, child welfare officers and parents. Data was collected using surveys and
interviews. Study participants were identified using probability and non-probability sampling.
The study employed a mixed research approach using descriptive study and case study designs
and data processing was done through editing of the data which will be coded for further data
analysis. Data from questionnaires was analyzed using both descriptive statistics while interview
data was analyzed using frequency analysis by counting the number of times of responses had by
the respondents. Findings showed that stressful home environment contributed sexual
harassment. Other factors contributing to sexual harassment are lack of self-esteem, poor
communication, misunderstanding boundaries and tension among family members. Findings
further revealed that sexual harassment Increases risks and psychological difficulties,
depression and anxiety disorders. Behavioral problems such as substance abuse and antisocial
behavior among children may also be caused by sexual harassment. Other effect of sexual
harassment on children welfare found by the study included increased risk of disease infection
like HIV/AIDS and school dropout of children. Further, the study found that improving
communication, teaching children the importance of body privacy and about boundaries may
help to curb sexual harassment. Other measures of curbing sexual harassment revealed by the
study are improving policy and legislation to protect children‘s right as well as teaching
children appropriate boundaries and privacy. The study recommended undertaking
community mobilization and awareness creation on the dangers of sexual harassment and to
increase community vigilance against the vice as well as increasing budgetary funding for
child protection and welfare services.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS AND ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE SERVICES IN NORTHERN CITY DIVISION, MBALE CITY.
(2024-09-03) KHALAYI AISHA
ABSTRACT
The study concentrated on socio-economic factors and access to health care services in Northern City Division, Mbale City and it concentrated on the following research objectives: To identify socio-economic factors affecting access to health care services in Northern City Division, Mbale City, to examine the challenges affecting access to health care services in Northern City Division, Mbale City and to determine interventions for improving access to health care services in Northern City Division, Mbale City. The study used a cross sectional research design and it used both qualitative and quantitative research methodology where it considered a population of 100 respondents and a sample size of 8o respondents. Study findings revealed concluded that age is one of the factors affecting access to health care services in Northern City Division, findings also concluded that Choice of health care and access differs by age and people in similar age groups show similar patterns in their choices, that lack of insurance often contributes to lack of access to health which is a far reaching challenge, Findings revealed that Financial needs and insufficient coverage to pay medical bills lead to skipping of necessary care, that receiving some financial support from philanthropy can work as a strategy to improve health care access, that that affiliating with large healthcare systems in urban settings can help rural facilities improve on health care in rural communities, and lastly findings concluded that adopting of a diverse and inclusive hiring policy may provide many of the same services as physicians thus improving access to health care provision. The study recommended that: There should be more investments by different Governments in a number of strategies to reduce on socio economic factors affecting access to health care services in Northern City Division Mbale City and that there is need for the community and societies to begin being part of the group that try solve the challenges affecting access to health care provision.
THE IMPACT OF HIV/AIDS ON SOCIAL ECONOMIC WELLBEING OF PEOPLE IN NORTHERN CITY DIVISION OF MBALE CITY
(2024-09-03) NEUMBE CAROLINE
ABSTRACT
The study concentrated on the impact of HIV/AIDS on social economic wellbeing of people in Northern City Division of Mbale City. The study concentrated on three specific objectives of: To explore the factors contributing to HIV/AIDS infections among people in Northern City Division Mbale city, to examine the effects of HIV/AIDSD on socio-economic wellbeing of people of Northern City Division Mbale City and lastly to assess interventions of preventing HIV/AIDS infections so as to enhance socio-economic well-being of people in Northern City Division, Mbale City. The study used a descriptive research design and considered a sample size of 80 respondents.
Findings concluded that culturally prescribed acts of sexual promiscuity lead to increase in HIV/AIDS findings also I concluded that Heterosexual contributes to HIV/AIDS, Findings concluded that provision of ARVs to reduce viral loads may act as a strategy to improve socio-economic wellbeing of affected people, that practice of bottle feeding may help to prevent Mother to-Child transmission can work as a prevent measure the spread of the infection and lastly, findings concluded that Increasing accessibility of use of protective condoms may work as a strategy to reduce the infection and improve on socio-economic well-being of people. The study recommended that: There should be more investments by different Governments in a number of strategies to ensure that HIV stigmatization is reduced in different communities and lastly that there is need for the to sensitize the community and people taking care of HIV affected people ensure that they are emotionally ok.
THE ROLE OF THE COMMUNITY IN COMBATING SUBSTANCE ABUSE AMONG THE YOUTHS OF NAMATALA SLUM MBALE INDUSTRIAL CITY DIVISION.
(2024-09-03) NAFULA TRACY LAVENDA
Abstract
Substance abuse among youths is a pervasive issue affecting nations worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that substance abuse is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among young people globally, with alcohol and drug use disorders contributing significantly to the global burden of disease (WHO, 2018). Research by Degenhardt et al. (2016) highlights that approximately 271 million people aged 15-64 years had used drugs in the past year, with the highest prevalence in North America, Oceania, and Western Europe. This study underscores the global nature of the issue, pointing to diverse socio-economic and cultural factors driving substance abuse. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC, 2020) has also noted a worrying trend in the increased availability and abuse of synthetic drugs, particularly among youths in urban areas globally. These studies collectively highlight that substance abuse among youths is not confined to any single region but is a worldwide challenge requiring concerted international efforts for effective intervention.
GENDER MAINSTREAMING AND WOMENS PARTICIPATION IN SACCO PROGRAMS IN SIRONKO DISTRICT.
(2024-08-31) AMUGE KAMULI DOREEN
The study investigated the effect of gender mainstreaming on women's participation in SACCO programs in Sironko District, focusing on cultural norms, beliefs, and strategies for improvement. Using a descriptive design with 63 participants, the findings showed that 67% of respondents identified cultural norms as barriers, limiting women’s involvement in SACCOs due to traditional roles. Additionally, 59% reported that cultural beliefs, such as views on financial independence, discouraged women’s participation. To improve inclusion, 70% suggested gender-sensitive policies, while 65% recommended community sensitization to challenge harmful beliefs. The study concludes that targeted interventions, including gender mainstreaming and educational programs, are essential to overcoming these barriers and promoting women’s economic empowerment in SACCOs.
THE IMPACT OF EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION ON ORGANISATION PERFORMANCE OF TORORO CEMENT INDUSTRY
(Uganda christian university, 2024-07) Gidudu,charles
This study investigated the impact of various motivational factors on employee performance at Tororo Cement Limited, with a focus on allowances, non-monetary rewards, and attractive salaries. The research aimed to examine the effects of these factors on employee achievement of organizational goals, effectiveness, and efficiency. The targeted population consisted of 260 employees, out of which 103 responded, providing data through interviews and focus group discussions.
The findings indicated that allowances, particularly for transport (69.6%), housing (60.1%), and medical expenses (53.8%), significantly contribute to employees' motivation by reducing their personal financial burdens, thereby enhancing their focus on achieving organizational goals. Non-monetary rewards, such as a positive work environment (75.9%), recognition (65.2%), and career development opportunities (50.6%), were also found to play a crucial role in improving employee effectiveness. Additionally, a strong positive relationship was identified between attractive salaries and employee efficiency, with 57.0% of respondents perceiving their salaries as fair and competitive, leading to increased commitment and productivity.
The study concluded that a balanced approach incorporating both financial incentives and non-financial rewards is essential for enhancing employee motivation and performance. Recommendations included regular review and adjustment of allowances and salaries, fostering a positive work environment, implementing recognition programs, and providing career development opportunities. Future research could further explore the long-term impacts of these motivational strategies on employee retention and organizational performance.
EFFECT OF LEADERSHIP ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A CASE STUDY OF BUGISU COOPERATIVE UNION, MBALE
(UCU, 2024-05-10) BIKINGI CYRUS
Many contemporary organizations such as Bugisu corporative union in Mbale City are battling with performance dilemmas as achieving organizational goals is a distant dream. Although organizational performance has and is still a matter of organizational policy, performance gaps in organizations has in large measure affected operational and administrative efficiencies. This study assessed the effect of leadership on organizational performance of Bugisu corporative union in Mbale City. Specifically, the study analyzed the effect of identified the effect of autocratic and democratic leadership on organizational performance of Bugisu Corporative Union in Mbale City. It also assessed the effect of laissez-faire style of leadership on organizational performance of Bugisu Corporative Union in Mbale City. The study used cross-sectional design to present data with the help of both qualitative and quantitative methods. Data was collected from 80 study participants from the study area using self-administered questionnaires and interview guides. Simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select study participants. Qualitative data was from interviews was analyzed using content analysis while quantitative data generated from questionnaires was analyzed using descriptive statistics (Mean and standard deviation). The study found that an autocratic leader feels that remuneration advanced to employees for work done is a just reward and it is only the reward that can motivate an employee and stresses loyalty and obedience and are defined as those who make decisions alone and demand strict adherence to rules. It was also found that decision-making process is centralized where autocratic leaders take full responsibility for decisions and control of their followers’ performance and autocratic leaders are curious of their position and have e little trust or faith in their sublimates on top of being bossy in nature. Study findings also revealed that under laissez leadership, subordinates to complete tasks and jobs in the way they choose without adherence to any strict policies or procedures and this leadership style is one in which the leader has no belief in his own ability to supervise. Findings further show that under laissez leadership, leaders have no clear set goals towards how they may work, does not help the group in making decisions and so leaves too much responsibility with subordinates and do not use their authority and avoid taking actions. Study findings also show that laissez leadership is considered a passive and ineffective form of leadership and favors the installation of a relaxed working atmosphere; it brings down morale and reduces efficiency of the group. Other findings of the study indicate that decision making in a democratic system is not centralized and high performance is recognized and rewarded and the democratic leader allows for decision making to be shared by the leader and the group including allowing the subordinates opportunity to use their initiative and make contributions. Findings further show that employees also feel more involved and committed to projects, making them more likely to care about the end results and democratic leadership style is participative and consults employees and seriously considers their ideas when making decisions. The researcher recommended adopting effective leadership styles that enhance communication, decision making and employee initiatives. Other recommendations included improving organizational culture and resource management practices with organizations.
THE EFFECT OF GENDER INEQUALITY ON PSYCHOSOCIAL WELBEING OF WOMEN IN KAMUTUR SUB COUNTY BUKEDEA DISTRICT
(2024) TINO ESEZA FLORENCE
YOUTHS AND HIGH PREVALENCE OF HIV/AIDS IN UGANDA: A CASE OF KAUGA VILLAGE, MUKONO DISTRICT
(UGANDA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY, 2024-09-05) CATE NAMBATYA
The study explored youths and high prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Uganda: a case of Mukono
district. It specifically focused on; establishing the influence of knowledge and awareness among
the youths on high prevalence of HIV in Mukono, examining the influence of behavioral factors
among the youths on high prevalence of HIV in Mukono and investigating the influence of
socio-economic status of the youths on high prevalence of HIV in Mukono.
The study was carried out using a cross sectional survey research design where both quantitative
and qualitative research approaches were also used. The data was collected using questionnaires
and interviews during the data collection, both purposive and simple random sampling methods
were used. A sample size of 10 key informants and 133 youths aged 18-35 years living in Kauga
village, Mukono district was included in the study although 120 ended up responding.
The study findings revealed thatwhile youths in Mukono possess a basic understanding of HIV
transmission and prevention, significant gaps persist, particularly in awareness of the full
effectiveness of preventive measures and the importance of regular testing. Behavioral factors
such as multiple sexual partners, inconsistent condom use, and substance use before sex,
compounded by socio-economic barriers including financial constraints and educational
disparities, significantly contribute to the high prevalence of HIV. Addressing these issues
requires a multifaceted approach that includes enhancing educational programs, reducing stigma,
and providing economic support to mitigate the factors driving risky behaviors and limited
access to preventive resources. Comprehensive interventions are essential for effectively
combating HIV and improving health outcomes in the region.
Finally, the study recommended the need for enhanced educational programs focused on
comprehensive sexual health. It also recommended the need for targeted interventions to address
risky sexual behaviors and substance use among youths. Lastly, the study recommended the need
for addressing socio-economic barriers by providing financial support and resources to
vulnerable youths.
Impact of motiation on employee performance
(2024) Mukamutesi Kellen
The study aimed at examining the impact of motivation on employee performance at KCCA. Objectives that guided the study included; the relationship between monetary rewards and employee performance, the relationship between recognition and employee performance and the relationship between motivation and employee performance. The findings showed that motivation had a profound impact on employee performance. The study shows that employees who receive monetary rewards work and achieve their performance targets, promotion opportunities lead to increased job satisfaction and that recognition strategies significantly impact employee performance. The limitation of the study was that it only focused on the impact of motivation on employee performance without considering other factors that may influence performance. The recommendations of the study were; to improve motivation and employee performance, KCCA should develop and implement effective motivation strategies such as recognizing and rewarding employees for their contributions.
THE IMPACT OF MOBILE MONEY ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN UGANDA
(2024) MUKYALA TRINY ASHLEY C
This dissertation looks at how the introduction of mobile money in Uganda has economically impacted the country by focusing mainly on how it has contributed to financial inclusion, poverty reduction and its role in agriculture development. It has caused a great change in Uganda’s financial sector since it has enabled people living in areas that have limited access to the usual banking services to efficiently carry out their financial transactions because mobile money is easily accessible and safe. Therefore, there has been an increase in financial transactions in the country, including transactions of people residing in rural areas.
This study analyzes the relationship between mobile money use and economic growth in Uganda with descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis using secondary data from sources such as the Bank of Uganda and the World Bank. The research explores how the number and value of mobile money transactions affect financial inclusion and poverty reduction. It also shows that mobile money plays a key role in increasing financial inclusion by supporting savings, providing access to credit and facilitating financial transactions. There are also some challenges faced with the use of mobile money which are addressed with recommendations made to policy-makers in order to try and solve them. Nonetheless, mobile money should be maximized in order for the country to reap its full benefits.
The impact of debt financing on the financial performance of small and medium enterprises
(Uganda Christian University, 2024) Ankunda Zabandra Rynah
This research was intended to evaluate the impact of debt financing to the small and medium enterprises on small and medium enterprises in Mukono town in Mukono district. The study objectives included; To assess the role of short term financing on the financial performance of small and medium enterprises in Mukono town, to examine the role of long term financing on the financial performance of small and medium enterprises in Mukono town and to determine the relationship between debt financing and financial performance of small and medium enterprises in Mukono town.
The study used a cross-sectional, non-experimental and descriptive survey design. The study had a population of 95 registered SMEs from Mukono town. Simple random sampling method was used to choose the sample size which was 77 SMEs. A questionnaire was used for data collection in this study. Primary data and secondary data was used in the study. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20 for the collected data.
Basing on the study findings, the response rate was 81.8%. This study found out that short term financing and long term financing positively influence the financial performance of small and medium enterprises. It also found out that the relationship between debt financing and financial performance of small and medium enterprises was a strong relationship (0.926) basing on the correlation and the regression analysis tool.
In conclusion, debt financing positively influences the financial performance of small and medium enterprises in Mukono town in Mukono district. The study recommends that small and medium enterprises should seek financial literacy mainly on debt financing and also policy holders could make a convenient for businesses to acquire loans such as loosening policies concerning SMEs so as to enhance their financial performance.
THE IMPACT OF SUPPLY CHAIN INTERGRATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF MANFACTURING FIRMS.
(UCU, 2024-09-25) AHUURA JULIET
The study examined the impact of supply chain integration on performance of manufacturing firms in Uganda:
a case study of Century Bottling Company (Coca Cola). It specifically focused on; examining the drivers of
supply chain integration in Century Bottling Company, finding out the remedies to barriers of supply chain
integration in Century Bottling Company and suggesting the remedies to the barriers of supply chain
integration in manufacturing firms in Uganda.
The study was carried out and data was collected using questionnaires. A sample size of 19 respondents who
are managers and employees of Century Bottling Company (Coca Cola) were involved in the study. From the
findings, it was revealed that Century Bottling Company had implemented various supply chain practices
including just-in-time, inventory management and supplier relationships which had positively impacted their
performance. These practices led to reduced inventory costs, improved production efficiency and enhanced
customer satisfaction. However, the company faced limitations such as reliance on a single supplier for key
raw materials which created vulnerabilities in their supply chain and transportation challenges.
The study recommended that Century Bottling Company should leverage technology to further enhance supply
chain automation, visibility and analytics to stay ahead of the competition. Century bottling company should
form strategic partnerships with additional suppliers and customers to increase collaboration and drive mutual
benefits. Furthermore should encourage a culture of ongoing creativity, innovation, and process improvement
to stay agile and responsive to changing market conditions. And lastly Century bottling company should
establish a comprehensive risk management plan to mitigate potential supply chain disruptions because in the
end supply chain does affect organizational performance either positively or negatively
Unresolved conflicts in Sudan
(2024-08) Musaab Muhager
This dissertation investigates the persistent conflicts in Sudan with a focus on the regions of Darfur and the Nuba mountains to understand why these conflicts have not been resolved despite various efforts. The study outlines the historical, political, and socio-economic factors contributing to the conflicts as well as the roles of local, regional, and international actors.
A qualitative research methodology was used which included document analysis, and interviews with key informants, and humanitarians. The research is grounded in conflict theory and political factors to provide a comprehensive analysis of the underlying causes and dynamics of the conflicts.
Findings reveal that the unsolved nature of these conflicts is due to a combination of deeply established ethnic divisions, competition over resources, and political marginalization. The central governments policies, characterized by exclusionary governance and militarization have initiated tensions. Additionally, the involvement of regional powers and international actors has often been driven by strategic interests rather than a genuine commitment to peace leading to inconsistent and ineffective interventions.
The study concludes that sustainable resolution requires having many sides to address the root causes of conflict, including inclusive governance, equitable resource distribution, and genuine reconciliation processes. It also highlights the need for coordinated international efforts that prioritize long-term peacebuilding over short-term political gains.
This research contributes to the understanding of the long-time existence of conflicts in Sudan and provides recommendations for achieving lasting peace in Sudan.
The role of computer literacy on employee performance in the hotel industry
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-09-27) LUGAIRE ERIMIYA
This study investigates the role of computer literacy on employee performance in the hotel industry. With the ongoing transformation in hospitality, the ability of employees to effectively use computers has become essential for achieving operational excelence and enhancing guest experience.
MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE DELIVERY AND THE WELLBEING OF THE REFUGEES
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-10-05)
ABSTRUCT
The study examined Mental health service delivery and the wellbeing of the refugees a case study of Nyumanzi refugee settlement, Egge village, Dzaipi sub county, Adjumani district. Specifically, the study identified specific aspects that may determine the availability, accessibility and reliability of mental health services to the refugees. The study used a sample size of 50 people and descriptive survey research design was used. Questionnaires were employed to draw information from both the refugees and the local leaders while interview guide was used to gather data from mental health service providers. The data collected was analysed using a descriptive statistics like frequencies, means and standard deviation. The qualitative data was summarized using themes and categories derived from the responses.
The analysis of the result indicated that there are available mental health services however it is not able to meet the mental health needs of the refugees due to poor quality of mental health services offered, socio cultural and stigma associated to accessing mental health services, language barriers and organization’s policies, funding and culture differs across mental health service providers including inconsistency in the screening and assessment of mental health across the various zones within the settlement.
Basing on the findings, the study recommended that there is need to address stigma and socio-cultural barriers to accessing mental health services, more ample training should be provided to community-based leaders such as para counsellors to bridge the mental health gap like language barrier and ensure continuity of services even in the absence of external service providers. The government should also work hand in hand with other organizations to ensure uniform methods and culture in the management of mental health and quality service delivery.
Impact of employee engagement on organizational performance
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-10-10) Bukenya Patrick Michael
This chapter introduced the background of the study, general objective of the study,
the problem statement, research questions, scope of the study, the conceptual
framework, and significance of the study in the long run.
This chapter presented the review of other scholars on the study and as well it
specifically talked about the review of the specific objectives of the study in the long
run.
This section will comprise of the research design, area of the study, study population,
sample size determination, sample selection, sources of data, data collection
instruments, procedure of data collection, data quality control, data processing and
analysis and ethical consideration.
This chapter consists of data presentation, analysis and interpretation of the findings
on the themes of the study
This study presented the summary of the findings and as well talked about the
conclusion of the study and in the long run lastly it talked about the recommendation
of the study.
Credit Risk Management and Financial Performance of Microfinance Institutions in Uganda: A Case Study of Brac Microfinance Namukasa Branch Kayunga Road and Seeta Branch Seeta Trading Centre Mukono District
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-09-19) Dinavence Asiimire
The study concerning the findings on credit risk management and financial performance of Brac Microfinance. The study objectives were to investigate the credit risk management practices used by Brac microfinance, to find out the relationship between credit risk management and financial performance and lastly to identify the challenges facing the microfinance institution with their possible solutions. The study was conducted from 49 respondents who were the employees of Brac Microfinance. The data was collected using closed ended questionnaires were data, the research was entirely a descriptive research design based on quantitative research. The study findings revelaed that credit risk management had a significant contribution to financial performance. The study concluded that credit risk management practices used were client appraisal, collateral requirements and loan restructuring and recovery on the first objective, on the second objective it was concluded that the relationship was evident but complex strong correlations were observed between credit risk identification and monitoring with key financial performance and on the third objective it was concluded that the microfinance was facing challenges such as credit risk and client outreach. The study recommends that Brac microfinance should consider integrating more advanced credit scoring models and continuously updating them based on emerging data to improve accuracy and effectiveness, prioritize enhancing its monitoring systems and it should also focus on improving financial planning and resource management.
The Effect of Risk Management on the Financial Performance of the Financial Institutions: A Case Study of Centenary Bank Kabale Branch in Kabale Municipality South Western Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-09-16) Margret Tuhirirwe
This study explores the effect of risk management on the financial performance of centenary bank, with a focus on risk identification, risk evaluation and mitigation. Using a quantitative approach, data was collected through a structured questionnaire distributed among the bank employees. The responses were analyzed to assess the effectiveness of the banks risk management practices and their influence on the financial performance indicators such as Return on Equity, profitability and return on Assets. The findings reveal that risk evaluation practices are generally regarded as effective with a majority of respondents agreeing that these practices help in minimizing financial losses and optimizing decision making. However some respondents expressed concerns about the banks’ ability to align the risk evaluation process with its objectives which potentially impact the financial performance. However, the study confirmed a positive relationship between proactive risk mitigation strategies and improved financial stability. This study concludes by emphasizing the need for continuous risk assessment and adoption of risk management frameworks to enhance financial outcomes in dynamic financial environment.
Effect of Electronic Procurement on Organizational Supply Chain Performance: A Case Study of the Petroleum Authority of Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-09-17) Phionah Rwendeire
This study investigated the impact of electronic procurement on organizational supply chain performance, with a specific focus on the Petroleum Authority of Uganda. Employing a descriptive cross-sectional research design, the study aimed to evaluate the roles of electronic tendering, e-invoicing, and e-payments in enhancing supply chain efficiency and effectiveness. A sample of 45 employees from the procurement department and other related departments were selected through stratified random sampling, and quantitative data was collected using structured questionnaires and data analyzed using SPSS. The findings indicate that electronic tendering significantly enhances supply chain performance by increasing efficiency, reducing costs, and fostering competitive bidding. Despite these benefits, some challenges related to procurement cycle times and communication persist. Electronic invoicing has also demonstrated a positive impact, particularly in streamlining payment processes and improving cash flow management. However, the effectiveness of electronic invoicing in reducing errors and disputes with suppliers varies across organizations. Electronic payments have contributed to faster transactions, improved administrative efficiency, and enhanced financial security, though issues related to transaction accuracy and cash flow management remain. The study concludes that while electronic procurement systems offer considerable advantages in operational efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and supplier relationships, there are areas for improvement. Recommendations include enhancing system integration and user training for electronic tendering, fully integrating electronic invoicing systems into financial workflows, and addressing challenges associated with electronic payments. These measures will help organizations fully capitalize on the benefits of electronic procurement and achieve more consistent performance improvements in their supply chains.