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Recent Submissions
The role of employee motivation strategies on staff retention in the hospitality industry: a Case of Hotel Golden Tulip Canaan Kampala
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-06) Charlotte Akankwatsa
The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of motivation on employee retention in the hospitality industry using Hotel Golden Tulip Canaan as a case study. The study was guided by three research objectives namely: to examine the various types of motivation strategies at Hotel Golden Tulip Canaan, to find out the challenges and possible solutions in motivating employees at Hotel Golden Tulip Canaan and to identify factors influencing staff retention in the hospitality industry. The study was guided by the Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory which stated that employees are motivated by two factors such as hygiene and motivational factors. The study population consisted of employees of Hotel Golden Tulip Canaan. Out of the 60 employees, a sample 52 respondents was determined according to the Krejcie and Morgan (1970). The study adopted a simple random sampling technique to collect data because this technique is very useful for situations where there is need to reach a targeted sample. Findings revealed that there are the various types of motivation strategies at Hotel Golden Tulip Canaan for example employees reported being motivated through rewards for excellence, the provision of work-life balance initiatives, and training opportunities that help them improve their skills, some employees feel that management listens to employee feedback, some work hard because their want to earn promotions or bonuses, some take pride in their achievements at work and are motivated by the salary and benefits. Finding revealed the challenges and possible solutions in motivating employees at Hotel Golden Tulip Canaan and these include flexible work schedules and wellness programs help me stay motivated despite long working hours and irregular shifts, training and support from supervisors help me manage stress caused by high customer expectations, management considers individual employee needs and backgrounds when implementing motivation strategies, clear career development opportunities in this hotel motivate me to perform better in my job, the compensation and benefits among others. Findings revealed that there are different factors influencing staff retention in the hospitality industry employee retention and these include I feel more committed to staying with my company, opportunities for growth and development increase my desire to remain in this job, when I feel motivated at work, I am less likely to consider leaving the company, I am likely to stay longer with the company when my contributions are valued and a positive and motivating work environment influences my decision to stay.
The effect of internal controls on tax compliance in organization
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-04-16) Mercy Laureen Nakimbugwe
This study investigated the effect of internal controls on tax compliance inorganizations, focusing on Link Bus Services Ltd in Uganda. Despite the presence of internal control systems, many organizations continue to face challenges such as
inaccurate tax declarations, delayed filings, and penalties. The study specificallyexamined the influence of record-keeping practices, segregation of duties, and internal audits on tax compliance. The study employed a descriptive research design with a population of 40 employees of the company, however, only 38 employees responded to the questionnaires which gave the study a 95% response rate. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data from the employees. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). The findings of the study revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between the practice of maintaining good record keeping and tax compliance within the organizations (β = 0.206, p = 0.037). Furthermore, the practice of conducting internal audits within an organization was also significantly positively related to the taxpayers’ compliance with the country’s tax laws (β = 0.265, p = 0.029). While a positive relationship was found between the segregation of duties within an organization and tax compliance, such a relationship was not statistically significant (β = 0.165, p = 0.063). The internal control measures analyzed in this study accounted for 19.3% of the total variation in the taxpayers’ compliance with the country’s tax laws. Recommendations for improvement in the taxpayers’ compliance with the country’s tax laws include improving record keeping practices within the organizations, providing training to the employees on these record keeping practices, and improving the organization’s internal audit functions. These findings will be of benefit to the managers of the organizations, the policymakers of the country,and the Uganda Revenue Authority as they seek to develop effective strategies to improve tax compliance within the taxpayer population of the country.
Assessing the role of international organisations towards the development of the third world countries: a case study of UNDP in Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-04-09) Becky Balyesiima Atwooki
The study examines how international organizations, especially the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), have contributed to socio-economic development in Uganda. The study will highlight how governance reforms, poverty alleviation, and environmental sustainability initiatives spearheaded by the UNDP have contributed to socio-economic development in Uganda. The study will employ a mixed research approach, combining numerical and real-life experiences. The study will be conducted by administering a survey to 57 participants, including government officials, UNDP officials, and locals in Uganda. The study will reveal how governance reforms have contributed to transparency and accountability in Uganda’s public sector. The study will also reveal how poverty alleviation initiatives have contributed to poverty reduction in Uganda’s rural areas. The study will reveal how the UNDP’s initiatives in environmental sustainability have contributed to climate change mitigation and renewable energy expansion. However, the study will highlight how funding and political instability have remained impediments to socio-economic development in Uganda. The study will conclude by emphasizing the need for international cooperation and locals to promote socio-economic development in Uganda. The study will be important in its contribution to knowledge on how international organizations can support socio-economic development in poor nations, taking into account Uganda’s social, political, and economic factors.
Financial management procedures and service delivery in local governments of Uganda: a case study of nama sub-county, Mukono district local government
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-08) Joyce Kirabo
This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship that exists between financial management practices and service delivery in Nama Sub-county in Mukono District Local Government. This research was also conducted with the aim of investigating the objectives of assessing the effect of budget approval on service delivery, the effect of revenue collection on service delivery, and the influence of expenditure control on service delivery in Nama Sub-county. The research design that was used in this research study was a case study research design that was mixed in nature. For this research study, the target population was made up of 80 people, including technical staff, political leaders, parish chiefs, and heads of health centers, primary schools, and community members. According to Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table, the sample size that was used in this research study was made up of 68 people. Correlation analysis indicated that there is a strong positive correlation between budget approval and service delivery (r = 0.682, p < 0.01), revenue collection and service delivery (r = 0.594, p < 0.01), and expenditure control and service delivery (r= 0.735, p < 0.01). Regression analysis indicated that budget approval is a significant predictor of service delivery (β = 0.281, p < 0.05), revenue collection is a significant predictor of service delivery (β = 0.187, p < 0.05), and expenditure control is a significant predictor of service delivery (β = 0.474, p < 0.001). The three variables together explained 65.9 percent of variance for service delivery (R² = 0.659). The study concluded that financial management procedures have a strong and significant effect on service delivery in Nama Sub-county. Qualitative study results indicated that budget approval is often delayed, political disagreements are common, political interference is a barrier to revenue collection, and unretired imprest is a barrier to service delivery. The study also recommended that the Sub-county improves its control of expenditure by implementing a policy which states that no new imprest is to be issued to officers who have outstanding accountability. The Sub-county Council is also to establish a joint budget committee to resolve differences before a full council to approve the budget by 31st May
Assesing the Barriers to Implementation of Sustainable Supplychain Practices
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-08) Ivan Henry Ogaino
An assessment of the hindrances to the adoption of Sustainable Supply Chain Practices (SSCP) at
Mukwano Industries Ltd. Due to the increased focus worldwide on sustainability, manufacturing
organizations have been compelled to consider sustainability in terms of environmental, socio-
economic, and other aspects of the supply chains. However, despite the need for the organizations
in developing countries to adopt these initiatives, they fail to do so in a significant manner.
Therefore, the purpose of the study is to identify any financial, technological, organizational, and
institutional barriers to the adoption of SSCP at Mukwano Industries Ltd. Descriptive research was
adopted along with the application of quantitative method. The questionnaires were administered
to employees involved in procurement, logistics, manufacturing, and management departments.
Descriptive statistics, including means and standard deviations, were used to analyze the collected
data. The results show that the high cost of implementing SSCP, inadequate financial resources,
poor technological infrastructure, employee resistance, lack of top management commitment,
insufficient knowledge of sustainability practices, and weak enforcement of environmental
regulations are among the key barriers to the adoption of SSCP. Organizational and financial
constraints emerged as the most significant challenges affecting implementation. In conclusion,
although Mukwano Industries Ltd recognizes the importance of sustainable supply chain practices,
various internal and external barriers limit their effective adoption. The study recommends
strengthening management support, enhancing employee capacity through training, adopting
appropriate technologies, ensuring proper budgeting and allocation of funds, and enforcing
environmental laws. This research contributes valuable insights to the existing body of knowledge
on sustainable supply chain management in developing countries.
The effect of work stress on employee productivity: Case study of Uganda Christian University
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-19) Ruth Phiona Acwee
Due to the negative implications on the wellbeing of the employees and the performance of an organization, the issue of work-related stress has gained prominence in the contemporary organizations. Major changes in the workplace of institutions of higher learning have escalated the levels of stress among employees due to the growing workloads, role multiplicity, and stress on performance. This paper discussed the impact of job stress on the productivity of employees in Uganda Christian University (UCU). The study relied on the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) Model and the Transactional Theory of Stress, which is why the selected research design is a cross-sectional survey design with a mixed-method approach. Structured questionnaires were used to obtain the data of 23 academic and administrative staff. A form of descriptive statistics, frequency and percentage, was used to analyse quantitative data. The results showed that workload, multi-tasking, lack of supervisory support, and worklife imbalance were the biggest contributors to the work-related stress in employees who worked in UCU. Even with the stress, employees have indicated that they had high productivity in terms of meeting deadlines, quality work, and were motivated. Nonetheless, the findings showed that stress decreases employee productivity and concentration, which is a threat to the long-term productivity in case it is not adequately addressed. The research arrived at the conclusion that work stress adversely affects the productivity of employees at UCU especially in decreasing efficiency and work effectiveness. The research suggests that additional personnel should be hired to lessen the workload, improve the supervisory aspect, foster work-life balance, and introduce stress management programmes to improve employee wellbeing and maintain productivity in tertiary education institutions.
The relationship between internal controls and risk management in public sector institutions: a Case Study of Uganda Clays
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-08) Grace Ninisiima
In this study, the interaction between internal controls and risk management in the public sector
organizations through the example of Uganda Clays Limited was discussed. It poses the question
of whether robust internal controls will enhance the risk management and the overall performance.
The research aimed to combine a survey (quantitative) and interviews (qualitative) with Uganda
Clays employees. Findings indicate that companies that have a strong internal control also have an
excellent risk-management practice. Employees claimed that with good controls, financial reports
were more reliable, and fraud and errors were minimized, and the company was within the confines
of the laws. They observed as well that incorporation of risk management increased performance
and reduced losses of money, which enhanced the stability of the organizations. The study
highlights the importance of risk-conscious culture and the ongoing training of the staff. Lastly, it
provides feasible recommendations to the public sector organizations with a view to enhancing
internal control and risk-management systems and eventually enhance good governance,
accountability and service delivery.
The effect of digital technologies on operational efficiency in Medium Entreprises: a case study of Paris Corner Supermarket, Mukono
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-18) Innocent Niwamanya
Abstract This paper investigated how the digital technologies have influenced the operational efficiency of Paris Corner Supermarket, a medium-sized retail business in Mukono Municipality, Uganda. Although the use of the Point-of-Sale (POS) systems, computerized inventory management, electronic payments, and digital communication tools started in 2020, the long queues, stockouts, and inaccurate data remained some of the concerns, whether these technologies could have provided the desired speed, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness.
The study embraced a descriptive cross-sectional case study design. A census-based sample of 30 out of 32 staff (management, cashiers, and inventory personnel) provided primary data collected using structured Likert-scale questionnaires and interviews. Thematic analysis, Pearson correlation, and descriptive statistics (means and standard deviations) were used to analyse the data.
The results showed the significant positive effect of digital technologies on operational efficiency (the overall mean = 3.85). The strongest influence on accuracy and reliability was on POS systems (mean = 3.90; r = 0.78) and then inventory systems on real time tracking (mean = 3.89; r = 0.72). The intermediate impact was on the speed of service using digital communication tools (mean = 3.63; r = 0.58). Nevertheless, infrastructural obstacles (network and power instability), technical hiccups, and lack of staff digital skills were significant hindrances to full benefits.
The research concludes that digital technologies have significantly improved the working efficiency of Paris Corner Supermarket, but the most significant benefits can be achieved with the additional investments into the effective infrastructure and constant training. The suggestions are two-WAN internet backup, digital skills training (once a month), and cycle counting. The results will have practical implications to medium sized supermarkets, as well as, policy implications in terms of the digital transformation of the Uganda retail industry.
Keywords: digital technologies, operational efficiency, POS systems, inventory management, medium enterprises, Uganda.
Effect of environmental ethical practice by tour guides on visitor satisfaction in Murchison Falls National Park
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-06) Sheena Namuli Sewankambo
The study was conducted on the topic entitled the effect of environmental ethical practice by tour guides on visitor satisfaction in Murchison Falls National Park. It later followed the following objectives; to investigate the environmental ethical practices of tour guides in Murchison Falls National park, to evaluate the level of visitor satisfaction among tourists who visit Murchison falls National Park, to evaluate the impact of environmental ethical practice by tour guides that affect visitor satisfaction in Murchison Falls national park.In order to achieve the objectives of this study, a descriptive research design was employed in which the relationship between visitor satisfaction and environmental ethical practice in Murchison falls National Park was determined. The descriptive kind of research was adopted because it helps in providing answers to questions of who, what, and when.
The effect of early supplier involvement on customer satisfaction in Health Care: Case study Nakasero Hospital Limited
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-04-30) Shanitah Namuswe
This study examined the effect of early supplier involvement (ESI) on customer satisfaction at Nakasero Hospital Limited in Kampala, Uganda. ESI was measured through three dimensions: supplier integration, information sharing, and collaborative problem solving.A cross-sectional survey design with mixed methods was employed. Data were collected from 52 employees using questionnaires aand Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation.Findings revealed strong positive relationships between all ESI dimensions and customer satisfaction. Information sharing had the strongest correlation (r = 0.856, p < 0.001), followed by collaborative problem solving (r = 0.820, p < 0.001), and supplier integration (r = 0.761, p < 0.001). Respondents agreed that effective supplier communication improves service delivery (Mean = 4.077) and early supplier involvement aligns with hospital needs (Mean = 4.000).The study concludes that early supplier involvement significantly enhances customer satisfaction in healthcare settings. Recommendations include strengthening supplier integration in procurement planning, adopting digital communication systems, and promoting collaborative problem-solving partnerships.
The impact of green practices on organizational performance: A research at National Medical Stores Entebbe
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-04-29) Daniel Oonyu
This study examined the impact of green practices on organizational performance at the National Medical Stores (NMS) in Uganda. The main objective was to assess how environmentally sustainable practices influence organizational efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and service delivery. Specifically, the study analyzed the relationship between green practices and performance, identified challenges affecting their adoption, and proposed strategies to enhance their implementation. The research was driven by the need to determine whether sustainability initiatives lead to measurable improvements in performance within a public healthcare supply chain context. The study employed a mixed-methods case study design, combining both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative data was collected through structured questionnaires administered to 67 employees selected using purposive sampling, with the sample size determined using Taro Yamane’s formula. Qualitative data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with key informants. Data sources included both primary and secondary materials such as organizational reports and documents. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative findings were used to support and explain the numerical results. The findings indicated that green practices at NMS are moderately implemented, particularly in green procurement, waste management, energy efficiency, and eco-friendly packaging. These practices were found to have a positive impact on organizational performance, contributing to cost reduction, improved efficiency, better resource utilization, enhanced organizational reputation, and compliance with regulations. However, key challenges include limited awareness, inadequate funding, insufficient training, resistance to change, and weak supplier support. The study concludes that while green practices significantly improve performance, their success depends on consistent implementation and strong institutional support. It recommends enhancing staff training, increasing investment in sustainable technologies, strengthening policy frameworks, to maximize the benefits of green practices.
The contribution of spend analysis to effective strategic procurement for sustainable business practices
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-04-28) Priscilla Akwii
This paper has explored the importance of spend analysis in enhancing strategic procurement
decision making. To sustainable business practices within the Ugandan organizations. The
primary goals were to: (1) study the benefits of spend analysis in improving strategic and
sustainable procurement decisions; (2) study. The obstacles which curtail successful application
of spend analysis; and (3) measure it’s. Add value to cost efficiency and sustainability
effectiveness. The research design involved a descriptive research design and used both
quantitative and qualitative. Methods. The respondents were procurement officers and
procurement (there were 109 respondents altogether). through questionnaires and interviews,
managers, accountants and stores officers. Quantitative data were evaluated by the use of
Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) and qualitative. thematic interpretation of
responses was done to justify and explain the findings. The results indicated that the use of spend
analysis remains minimal.
The majority of organizations do not. Periodically check procurement spending and use manual
or semi-digital monitoring. Difficulties like poor analytical abilities, missing or incomplete data,
absence of digital resources, spend analysis is impeded by budget constraints, and lack of proper
management support. Irrespective of these hurdles, spend analysis is moderately effective in cost
optimization in procurement. By finding cost-saving opportunities, minimizing wasteful
expenditure and assisting in. supplier contract negotiations.
It has an effect on sustainability performance, though. Relatively low, because sustainability
considerations are not incorporated in procurement considerations in full. The conclusion of the
paper is that. Spend analysis is a valuable strategic and sustainable procurement tool, yet it
requires well. Skilled people, quality data, good ICT networks, sufficient. finance and good
management. Back-up. It proposes the investment in digital tools, staff training and increased
leadership engagement to harness all spend analysis to achieve cost efficiency and sustainable
procurement practices.
Keywords: Strategic Procurement, Spend Analysis, Cost Optimization, Uganda, Sustainability.
The effect Of digital procurement platforms on susutainable sourcing In SMEs in Kampala Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-04-27) David Guum
This study examines the impact of digital procurement platforms on sustainable product
sourcing among small retail businesses in Kampala, Uganda. The research is guided by R.
Edward Freeman’s Stakeholder Theory, which emphasizes the influence of stakeholders on
organizational decision-making and business practices. In the context of increasing global
attention to sustainability, particularly through the United Nations Sustainable Development
Goals, businesses are expected to integrate environmental, social, and economic
considerations into their procurement and supply chain processes. However, small and
medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in developing economies often encounter structural and
technological limitations that constrain their ability to implement sustainable sourcing
practices. At the retail sector around Kampala, procurement processes are still associated with
informal activities which include face-to-face negotiations, manual records as well as cash,
which lack transparency and ability to trace suppliers.
This research design was a qualitative investigation based on descriptive research design in
order to understand the experience and perception of small retailers and managers in the
implementation of digital procurement platforms. The data was collected by using the semi
structured interviews with 20-30 purposely chosen participants that were with a minimum of
two years of business experience and familiarity with digital procurement tools. The thematic
analysis was carried out to analyze this data as suggested by Virginia Braun and Victoria
Clarke. The codification process involved deductive themes which were based on the goals of
the research and Stakeholder Theory and inductive findings which appeared through the
reaction of the participants.
The results show that the degree of small retail business adoption of digital procurement
platforms in Kampala is moderate with a larger percentage transitional. Retailers are slowly
integrating applications like electronic catalogues, supplier portal and online ordering
systems. As it is demonstrated, the ethics of stakeholders such as customer demands of the
ethically sourced products, regulatory demands of adequate record-keeping, and competitive
demands of the retail industry are the major drivers of adoption. A number of obstacles to
widespread adoption exist, such as prohibitive pricing of the internet, lack of digital literacy,
unreliable infrastructure, and existing dependencies on personal supplier relationships.
Nevertheless, these issues have not stopped the platforms leading to a greater level of
procurement transparency, an increase in accountability due to the digital records, and more
systematized supplier assessment. These enhancements contribute to advancing sustainability
across the three aspects of the triple bottom line: the environmental aspect, due to reduced
paper waste and improved inventory management; the social aspect, due to enhanced supplier
visibility and reliability; and the economic aspect, due to lower transaction costs and stock-
outs. However, price remains a significant factor affecting sourcing decisions.
This research indicates that stakeholders' expectations are largely mediating factors in
determining how well these platforms enhance sustainable sourcing. While digital
technologies enhance visibility and information flow, meaningful sustainability outcomes
depend largely on how business owners respond to stakeholder demands. This study therefore
recommends increased digital literacy support for SMEs, the development of affordable
mobile-based procurement platforms, and policy incentives that encourage sustainable
sourcing practices among small retail businesses.
Book keeping and financial performance of small-scale enterprises in rock city trading center Juba city
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-04-23) Annet Elias Meling
This paper explores the connection between financial performance and book keeping practices in Small-Scale Enterprise (SSEs) in the informal economy of South Sudan with reference to Rock City Trading Centre in Juba. Considering SSEs as important and at the same time fragile agents of job creation and poverty alleviation, the study will discuss the high failure rates often blamed on poor financial management. Quantitative data were gathered by using a case study design where a structured questionnaire was used to enter data on 35 SSE owners who were sampled using simple random sampling. The analysis was done using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, as well as multiple linear regression. The demographic analysis showed a young, average level of education, and population that is mainly involved in retail and services activities with majority of the businesses being 1-6 years old. The results show that the perceived financial performance has a positive and significant relationship with the bookkeeping practices. Each of the three independent variables showed a strong predictive power as the entire model explained 44.6 percent of the variance in the financial performance. It had the greatest impact on accounting information (accuracy,timeliness, and relevance) ( 0.508, p 0.001), then on the accounting standards ( 0.343, p0.010) and account reconciliation ( 0.245, p 0.043). Although the benefits of such practices were highly rated by the owners of the SSE, the practicality of the implemented practices including the practice of reconciliation was more moderate, which reflected the disparity between the awareness and the actual performance.The paper has determined that systematic bookkeeping is a repercussion, high-impact lever to improve the financial sustainability of SSEs within Juba informal sector. It suggests that the owners of SSE must focus on producing quality financial information and use routine practices of reconciling them. Support organisations and policymakers are supposed to come up with specific training programmes which are simplified. Such interventions may contribute to bridging the gap in implementation that may contribute to fewer business failures and build the supporting position of SSEs in South Sudan economy.
Financial literacy on youth unemployment: case study of university graduates in Koboko municipality,Koboko district
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-04-21) Dennis Kenyi
This study examined the impact of financial literacy on youth unemployment among university graduates in Koboko Municipality, Koboko District, Uganda. The study was motivated by the persistent challenge of graduate unemployment despite government interventions aimed at improving youth livelihoods. Specifically, the study investigated the relationship between financial literacy and employment status, the role of financial literacy in entrepreneurial engagement, its influence on sustainable self employment, and the challenges graduates face in applying financial knowledge.A quantitative cross sectional research design was employed, using a structured questionnaire to collect data from a sample of 100 university graduates, of which 92 responses were analyzed. Both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyze the data, including frequencies, percentages, and correlation analysis. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between financial literacy and employment outcomes. Graduates with higher levels of financial literacy particularly in budgeting, saving, and responsible borrowing were more likely to be employed or engaged in self-employment. Financial literacy was also found to positively influence entrepreneurial engagement, although sustainability of businesses remained a challenge. Furthermore, financial literacy significantly contributed to the ability of graduates to achieve stable and sustainable self-employment. However, the study identified key challenges, including limited access to financial training and difficulties in applying financial knowledge in real life situations. The study concludes that financial literacy is a critical factor in reducing youth unemployment by enhancing employability, promoting entrepreneurship, and supporting sustainable livelihoods. It recommends the integration of practical financial literacy training into university curricula, increased support from government and development partners, and continuous financial skills development among graduates.
The contribution of parental alcohol abuse to child maltreatment and HIV risk among children in Luweero sub county,Luweero District
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-04-20) Patience Nakato Nakatudde
The study examined the contribution of parental alcohol abuse to child maltreatment and HIV risk among children in Luwero Sub County. The study was guided by social learning theory and ecological system theory. The researcher used a descriptive survey. Information was gathered from 52 respondents including parents, children, social workers, community leaders and health workers through questionnaires and interviews. Findings revealed that parental alcohol abuse in Luwero sub county is influenced by poverty, stress, social acceptance of drinking alcohol and easy availability of alcohol. The study revealed that alcohol abuse contributes to child neglect, emotional and physical abuse, lack of basic needs and school absenteeism. It further increases children's vulnerability to HIV infection through poor supervision, exposure to sexual exploitation and early sexual activity. The research concludes that parental alcohol abuse significantly undermines child protection and recommends strengthened alcohol control policies, family counselling and child protection interventions
Elections and Democratic Governance in Uganda: An Assessment of the Impact of the 2021 General Elections on Uganda Democratic Governance
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-07) Shanice Irene kembabazi
This study examined the relationship between elections and democratic governance in Uganda, with a specific focus on assessing the impact of the 2021
Uganda General Elections on democratic governance. The objectives of the study were; to identify the forms and patterns of electoral violence experienced during the 2021 elections, to analyze the key drivers of electoral violence during the 2021 elections and to assess the role of political actors, security agencies, and institutions in either escalating or mitigating electoral violence. The study used descriptive cross-sectional design and quantitative approach was adopted. The study employed a qualitative epistemology and a phenomenological design, and 10 documents were reviewed in connection to the study problem. Data was analyzed using document review analysis. The study result indicated that physical violence, arbitrary arrests and detentions particularly targeting opposition politicians, their supporters, and political activists, voter intimidation and systematic disruption of
opposition campaign activities were the forms and patterns of electoral violence experienced during the 2021 elections. The study also showed that political
competition and struggle for power, state repression and use of security forces, weak electoral institutions and lack of trust, youth unemployment and social
discontent, and poor voter education and misinformation as the major cause of electoral violence in 2021 general elections in Uganda. The study finding further
indicated that the security agencies, including the police and military, are critical in managing electoral processes and maintaining public order. The study concluded that; electoral violence is driven by institutional weaknesses and deliberate political actions, is driven by a complex interaction of political, institutional, and socio-economic factors, with intense political competition at its core and is significantly shaped by the actions and interactions of key institutional and political actors, particularly political elites, security agencies, and electoral
institutions. The study recommends that; promoting rule of law and due process, strengthening voter protection and electoral management bodies, addressing high rate of youth unemployment and promoting responsible political leadership will
help to reduce on the electoral violence
Financial risk management and sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises: a case study of Small and Medium Enterprises in Nakasero, Kampala district
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-04-23) Vanessa Nankabirwa
This study investigated the relationship between financial risk management and the sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Nakasero, Kampala District. The research was driven by the persistent challenge of high failure rates among SMEs due to inadequate risk identification and mitigation strategies. The specific objectives were to examine the effect of risk identification, assessment, mitigation, and monitoring on the long-term sustainability of these enterprises. A correlational research design was employed, utilizing a quantitative approach to collect data from a sample of 152 SME owners and managers. Data was gathered using structured questionnaires and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize respondent characteristics, while inferential statistics, including Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression, were used to test the research objectives.There is an evident positive correlation between financial risk management and the sustainability of SMEs. In addition, the use of regression analysis showed that the financial risk managementpractices explain the variations in the sustainability of SMEs in Nakasero. Most firms conduct a simple environmental scan; however, most of them do not have insurance coverage or any funds set aside for emergencies. The study therefore shows that proper financial risk management plays a vital role in determining the performance of businesses. It is therefore advisable that SME owners embrace financial planning and seek appropriate training to develop their skills in financial risk management.
Additionally, the study recommends that policymakers and other regulatory bodies devise measures aimed at improving the financial literacy of the owners as well as offering them financial advice to ensure their sustainability.
Financial management and sustainability of selected business enterprises in Kampala Central Business District
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-04-17) Allan Atwiine
This study aimed to examine how financial management practices influence the SMEs performance
operating in Kampala Central Business District, Uganda. The study followed three main objectives: to
analyze the effect of financial reporting on SME performance, to assess how working capital
management affects performance, and to evaluate the role of budgeting in improving SME outcomes.
The research adopted both survey and descriptive research designs in order to clearly explain the study
variables. Descriptive surveys were particularly useful in identifying relationships between variables
and providing a clear quantitative description of the situation, while also observing behaviors. The
study mainly focused on quantitative data analysis. The results showed that financial reporting
practices among SMEs were fairly satisfactory, with an average score of 3.5. Working capital
management was rated slightly higher, with a mean of 3.69, while budgeting also showed a satisfactory
level with a mean of 3.44. Overall, the profitability of SMEs was moderate, reflected by a mean score
of 3.4. Further analysis revealed that financial reporting has a significant effect on SME performance
(R² = 0.153, p = 0.000), meaning it contributes positively to business outcomes. Similarly, working
capital management was found to significantly influence performance (R² = 0.234, p = 0.000),
indicating its strong role in ensuring business success. Budgeting showed the highest impact among the
three variables (R² = 0.286, p = 0.000), confirming that it plays a major role in improving SME
performance in Kampala.
From these findings, the researcher concluded that proper financial reporting is essential for enhancing
SME performance, especially since it relates closely to managing the cash conversion cycle. The study
also noted that SMEs that maintain a good balance between components of working capital—such as
cash, receivables, inventory, and payables—tend to perform better. In addition, budgeting was found to
be very important, particularly when businesses seek financial support from banks, as lenders often
require financial projections before issuing loans. Budgeting also helps businesses track their progress
toward achieving set goals. Based on the results, the study recommended that SME owners should
establish strong systems for monitoring financial transactions, ensuring that all payments are properly
recorded and tracked to improve financial efficiency and reduce errors. It also suggested that business
owners and managers should adopt effective working capital management practices, such as using
flexible and efficient methods of collecting funds, to improve performance. Overall, SMEs are
encouraged to carefully implement financial management in order to enhance profitability, growth, and
market share. However, since these practices can be time-consuming and require resources, they
should be applied properly and consistently to achieve the desired financial goals.
An evaluation of the role of electronic payment systems in reducing procurement cycle time in Ugandan institutions
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-06) Tyson Tumwebaze
This paper discusses how electronic payment systems (EPS) can help to reduce the procurement cycle time in the Ugandan public institutions, with particular reference to the Ministry of Works and Transport. The study also conceptualizes EPS in terms of strategic technological resources that require complementary organizational capabilities including digital literacy, system integration and ICT infrastructure. The qualitative single-case study design was selected, where purposive and snowball sampling were used to select 17 participants who are involved in procurement and financial processes.
The data was gathered by use of an open ended online questionnaire which was supplemented by analysis of documents, and analyzed using thematic analysis.
The results indicate that the use of electronic payment systems and, specifically, the Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS) can greatly improve the efficiency of the procurement process through accelerating the speed of the payments processing, increasing the level of transparency, and providing the opportunity to track the transactions in real-time. Nonetheless, these advantages are not always achieved because of entrenched challenges, including; system downtimes, poor internet connectivity, low digital skills, and low level of integration between procurement and financial systems.
The paper also determines the major enablers of effective use of EPS including staff training, sound ICT infrastructure and powerful management support and identifies critical gaps in capability that hinder system performance.
The research finds that, even though EPS have a high potential of reducing the procurement cycle time, their effects are highly contingent with the existence of complementary capabilities within institutions. It suggests ongoing investment in digital skills building, developing ICT infrastructure, improving system integration and enhancing interdepartmental coordination. In applying RBV to a public sector setting, the study not only adds to the body of theoretical and practical understanding of the topic, but also provides context-specific information on how the topic can be effectively
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applied to the procurement process in Uganda (and similar developing economies).