Bachelor of Laws - Main Campus

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An Analysis of the Impact of the Internet on the Right to Employment in Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-05-14) Ruth Ropani
The internet is essentially transforming the global economy, and Uganda is no exception. With the rise of internet development, there are better opportunities being laid down for every sector but the focus in this research paper is the employment sector. This study analyses the legal and regulatory framework that is governing internet on employment concentrating on The Employment Act, Cap 226 among other laws highlighting how these laws govern online employment. It further investigates the gaps in legal protections concerning employment rights in the digital age and the role of judicial decisions in bridging these gaps. In addition to that, this study looks at how the internet has evolved pointing out how its development has affected employment that means from the conventional agricultural sector that Uganda has predominantly participated in to other branches of employment such as technology based employment, platform based employment as well as into the recent developments of automation and artificial intelligence. The advantages and challenges of each phase of development faces are featured to include reduction of backlog, creation of employment opportunities, job displacement among other points. It should be noted that the transformation of the internet has both advantages and disadvantages attached to it. Therefore, this research explores the dual impact of digital transformation on employment in Uganda by pointing out advantages such as increased productivity, remote work flexibility, and expanded job opportunities. This research also addresses the challenges that come along with the development of the internet on employment which include automation-related job displacement, increase in the digital divide, and unemployment among less skilled workers. Through the examination of various literature, this research critically examines the responsiveness to the evolving digital landscape and how one should equip oneself with the necessary skills to remain relevant in this fast growing economy. By analyzing existing laws, policies, and empirical data, this study offers a complete overview of how internet development is reshaping employment rights in Uganda as well as proposes legal and policy recommendations to foster a more inclusive and equitable digital labor market.
Reconciling Legal Pluralism: The Clash and Coexistence of Customary and Statutory Law in Resolving Ugandan Family Disputes (2000–2025) a Case Study of Mukono District
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-05-28) Anthra Komugisa
This research examines the relationship between customary and statutory law in resolving family disputes in Uganda from 2000 to 2025, with particular emphasis on how the two systems coexist, where they conflict, and how these interactions affect access to justice, especially for vulnerable groups such as women and children. Using a mixed-methods approach that combines surveys, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and legal case analysis, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of the practical realities faced by communities. The Findings of study shows that although legal reforms have been introduced to promote the integration of customary and statutory systems, several tensions and contradictions are still existent, particularly in areas like inheritance rights, marital disputes, and child custody. Customary practices, due to their accessibility, affordability, and deep cultural roots, continue to be preferred dispute resolution mechanisms in rural and semi urban settings. On the other hand, statutory law, even though it offers greater legal protection, it is at most times seen as not accessible, expensive, and distant for the majority of the people. This research also shows how economic challenges and ignorance of legal rights heavily influence the choice of whether to use customary or statutory law, most times resulting in the marginalization of women and children. It ends by encouraging and emphasizing the immediate need for legal reforms, the strengthening of legal education and awareness, and establishing of hybrid systems to cater for both systems.
An Analysis of the Legal Effectiveness of Compensation Mechanisms for Communities and Persons Affected by the Oil and Gas Projects in Uganda: A Case Study of the Albertine Region
(Uganda Christian University, 2025-05-16) Rebecca Nabo
The aim of this paper was to analyse the effectiveness of the law of compensation to persons affected in the oil and gas sector in Uganda a case study in the Albertine Region. The land that is rich in the minerals shall be owned by the government of Uganda as per Article 244 of the Constitution of Uganda. This places a duty on the government to effectively compensate the affected people and should be done with authenticity and diligence. The study aimed at analysing the legal framework governing compensation practices and evaluated the impact on affected communities. It sought to identify challenges and opportunities for improvement, ensuring that compensation processes are authentic, diligent and priotise the rights and interests of affected individuals. The research investigated the extent to which current laws and policies protect the rights of compensation, livelihood restoration and cultural preservation. It also explored the experiences and perspectives of communities affected by oil and gas projects, highlighting successes and challenges in the compensation process. By examining the effectiveness of compensation laws on the Albertine Region, this study aimed to contribute to the development of more equitable and sustainable practices in Uganda’s oil and gas sector. The findings and recommendations informed policy practice, ensuring that the rights and the interests of affected communities are respected and protected. Ultimately, this research sought to promote more responsible and inclusive development in Uganda’s oil and gas sector, balancing economic growth with social justice and environmental sustainability. By priotising the needs and rights of affected communities, the government and industry stakeholders should work towards more equitable outcomes that benefit both the country and its people.
An Analysis of the Role of the National Social Security Fund Act Towards the Attainment of Social Security in Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-07-30) Derrick John Orishaba
Social security plays a vital role in promoting economic stability, reducing poverty, and ensuring the well-being of citizens, particularly in developing countries like Uganda. This research explores the effectiveness of the National Social Security Fund (NSSF) Act in enhancing social security in Uganda. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach, incorporating qualitative and quantitative techniques to analyze the legal, institutional, and socio-economic dimensions of social security provision under the NSSF Act. Drawing on an extensive literature review and empirical data collection, including interviews, surveys, and document analysis, the research examines the coverage, accessibility, adequacy, efficiency, and effectiveness of social security provisions under the NSSF Act. Additionally, the study investigates the socio-economic, cultural, and institutional factors that influence the implementation and outcomes of the NSSF Act, as well as the challenges and opportunities for reform. The findings of this research are expected to provide valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders in the social security sector, informing evidence-based policy formulation, program design, and advocacy efforts aimed at strengthening social protection systems in Uganda. Ultimately, this research contributes to the broader discourse on social security enhancement and socio-economic development in Uganda and other similar contexts.
A Critical Analysis of the Human Assisted Reproductive Technology Bill, 2023
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-06-23) Maria Mirembe Aliba
This study is about Assisted Reproductive Technology, a cure for both primary and secondary infertility. Uganda has no law that provides for ART however a bill was brought by Hon.Sarah Opendi to provide got a legal framework for ART. The author in this thesis, critically anayzed the Human Assisted Reproductive Technology Bill, 2023 from a human rights perspective.
An Analysis of the Domestic Implementation of Environmental Impact Assessment Within Uganda’s Environmental Regulatory Frame Work
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-07-01) Hillary Fimarubo
This study looks at how Uganda's environmental regulatory structure uses Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) on a domestic level. An essential instrument for evaluating and controlling the possible effects that planned development projects may have on the environment and society is the environmental impact assessment. This report seeks to assess the EIA process's problems and efficacy in Uganda, pinpoint any implementation gaps, and remedies. First of all, An overview of the environmental regulations in Uganda and the significance of Environmental Impact Assessments. What an environmental impact assessment is and its goals. An overview of Uganda's pertinent environmental impact assessment laws, policies, and institutional regulation frame work. An explanation of the main government agencies in charge of directing and carrying out the EIA procedure. Suggestions for Improvement: Plans to reinforce Uganda's environmental regulatory framework's internal EIA implementation increasing technical capability by sharing of knowledge and training supplying sufficient funds and resources to ensure successful execution strengthening compliance monitoring and enforcement systems. enhancing stakeholder interaction and public involvement. In summary, an overview of the analysis's main conclusions and suggestions is provided. Effective EIA implementation is crucial for Uganda's sustainable development. Demand more investigation and ongoing enhancements to the EIA procedure.
Scrutinizing the Legal Consequences of Enforcing Data Privacy Protection Mechanisms as a Means of Enforcing the Competition Act, 2023
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-06-21) Henry Raymond Kalungi
This dissertation examines the potential legal consequences of using data privacy protection mechanisms for competition law enforcement in Uganda. While both data privacy and competition law aim to create a fair and efficient marketplace, their goals and tools often diverge. This work analyzes the potential benefits and drawbacks of this approach, exploring the legal implications of enforcing the Competition act with the aid of personal data protection mechanisms. It examines relevant case law and legal frameworks to assess the viability and potential conflicts of personal data protection and privacy as a tool to enforce the Competition act,2023.
The Efficacy of Constitutions Birthed in the Midst of Post Armed Conflict Peace Processes: A Case Study of the South Sudan Permanent Constitution Making Process
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-05-21) Lui David Duku
The purpose of the study was to conduct a critical analysis of the South Sudan Permanent Constitution Making Process which commenced after the signing of the 2018 peace agreement. The study aimed at assessing whether the South Sudan Permanent Constitution Making Process conforms with the required standards of Constitution Making. The findings of the study were that the South Sudan Permanent Constitution Making Process has so many factors influencing it that could limit it from meeting the required standards of constitution making These factors include political influence to override the will of the people at the privilege of political interests, the time factor occasioned by a delay in implementing key tasks in the South Sudan Permanent Constitution Making Process among others. The study therefore concludes that the South Sudan Permanent Constitution Making Process should be subjected to a constitutional referendum both during the settlement of the contentious provisions at the making process and at the adoption stage. The study also recommends for a clear, transparent and proper procedure of selecting delegates to the National Constitutional Conference. This will protect the will of the people thus conforming with the ideal standard of constitution making.
The Eficacy of the National Sports Act, 2023
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-06-18) Joshua Baluku
The much-anticipated National Sports Bill was signed into law on August 17, 2023, marking a watershed moment in Uganda's sports sector. This act, currently known as the National Sports Act 2023, repealed the National Council of Sports Act, Chapter 48. Given that the repealed law was enacted in 1964, it was undoubtedly designed for a different era when sports were treated solely as a leisure activity, which explains why it was unable to address pressing issues such as betting, match fixing, sports disputes, broadcasting, image rights, merchandising, agents and doping that had emerged over time as a result of sports professionalization. A strong legal framework is essential in the sports business due to the global rise of amateur, professional and commercial sports. It is critical to understand how the legal system continues to influence the daily decisions of sports management, coaches, educators, athletes, and others, as well as how it affects the sports industry as a whole. Liability concerns are widespread among the stakeholders involved in sports stadium design, workforce management, and exercise equipment installation. The sports sector has grown into a significant contributor to the world economy. This has increased the stakes for all parties involved, making many issues—such as broadcasting rights and conflict resolution mechanisms—unavoidable. Athletes' careers have been on the verge of extinction in various circumstances due to a number of issues, such as inadvertent actions by the respective sport federation or doping cases that have effectively ended the athlete's career. Because it is an activity that brings nations together, it is critical to keep sports-related issues off the court. Understanding legal issues and the legal system is critical for any successful individual or business, regardless of size. Sport law is taught by reading and assessing reported cases that have been tried in court.
An Analysis of the Efficacy of Labour Laws on the Gig Economy in Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-06-18) Maria Adronah Batuusa
This study is on the efficacy of the labour law in the gig economy in Uganda. The study raised and addressed a few issues namely: whether the legal and regulatory framework on employment/labour have succeeded in protecting the gig economy in Uganda; whether there are any challenges hindering the effective implementation of the labour regulation in protecting the gig workers in Uganda and any measures available to protect the rights of workers in the gig economy. Given the interdisciplinary nature of the labour laws and gig economy, the researcher employed a qualitative method of study. Despite the growth and influence of platform work in Uganda, labour regulation, laws and policies continue to lag. Gig workers continue to face challenges which among others include issues of job security, no employment benefits or compensation, uncertain income stability, lack of social protection such as a safety net, and potential exploitation of workers among other. The specifics of these standards may vary depending on the sector and nature of work. This research notes that as the gig economy continues to evolve, there is a need for the government and relevant authorities to introduce specific regulations or guidelines to address the unique challenges of gig work and the platform workers within it.
A Comparative Study of the Efficacy of the Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanisms in Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-06-12) Patience Kwagala
The study focuses on the ADR mechanisms and their efficacy in Uganda, taking into account the many techniques of conflict resolution, development, and evolution in Uganda, including traditional strategies of resolving disputes, that have led to the resuscitation of ADR, as well as its benefits and challenges. The study also examines the various types of ADR that can be used by parties and the government to resolve disputes. Chapter One of my research will look at the proposal entailing the most significant writers that stood out for me during my research. The many forms of alternative dispute resolution, such as negotiation, mediation, conciliation, and arbitration, will be covered in Chapter Two of this study along with the benefits and drawbacks of ADR in Uganda. It will also cover the main points of my research, which is to demonstrate that arbitration is the most effective alternative dispute mechanism in Uganda for resolving conflicts. Additionally, I will compare arbitration to all other dispute resolution techniques, such as negotiation, mediation, and conciliation, and demonstrate its superiority over these approaches. The non-legal features of Adr, such as the ATS, will be covered in Chapter Three of this study along with their global, regional, and, finally, Ugandan contexts. The legal aspects of alternative dispute resolution in Uganda, as well as those worldwide and some relevant case law, will be examined in Chapter Four of this study. Chapter Five will conclude with an examination of my conclusions and suggestions for enhancing Uganda's ADR processes.
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Teachers’ Right to Work in Uganda: A Case Study on Private Primary School Teachers in Mukono District
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-06-12) Rachael Precious Asiimwe
This research is under taken to examine the impact of COVID-19 on the teacher’s worker rights in Uganda, and specifically private teachers. This was a catastrophe that befell the whole world at around the end of 2019, during a point in time when no one had anticipated it, COVID-19 came quietly like ‘a thief in the night’ and made sure to destroy ‘everything in its way.’
Navigating Unprecedented Challenges: Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 on the Judicial System of Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-06-12) Vanessa Bamwine
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges to legal systems worldwide, and Uganda's judicial system has not been immune to its far-reaching effects. This dissertation investigates the multifaceted impact of the pandemic on Uganda's judiciary, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of the disruptions, adaptations, and implications for access to justice and the rule of law. This study examines the pandemic's repercussions on various facets of the judicial system through a mixed-methods approach, including qualitative interviews, surveys, and case studies. It explores the operational disruptions experienced by Ugandan courts, including closures, delays in legal proceedings, and the adoption of virtual hearings. Additionally, it analyses the challenges faced by judicial actors, such as judges, lawyers, and litigants, in navigating the evolving landscape of legal practice amidst public health restrictions and resource constraints.
An Evaluation of the Effects of Plea Bargaining in Promotion of Criminal Justice in Uganda: Push and Pull Factors
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-06-11) Adongo Odette Taremwa
This study examines the effects of plea bargaining on the promotion of criminal justice in Uganda, employing a desktop review methodology. Through this analysis, it was found that plea bargaining promotes efficiency within the criminal justice system, fostering trust between citizens and the state, it significantly reduces case backlog, thus enhancing overall system efficiency and resource allocation, it also addresses prison congestion and reduces the time spent in prison, among others. However, amidst these benefits, several drawbacks were identified. Plea bargaining can lead to pressure to plead and condemnation of the innocent, while also violating the human rights of the accused. Furthermore, it grants excessive discretion and power to prosecutors and may inadvertently contribute to increased crime rates. Finally, while proponents argue for the merits of plea bargaining, it is essential to acknowledge and address the negative ramifications it poses to the accused, victims, and the public at large.
The Legal Framework Regulating Illicit Human Organ Transplant and Donation in Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-06-11) Mackleen Grace Nyangoma
The study aimed at assessing the existing legal framework regulating illicit human organ transplant and donation in Uganda. The study objectives were: to ascertain the rationale behind the illicit human organ trafficking/ harvesting and transplant donation, to assess the impact of Illicit human organ harvesting/ trafficking on victims and their relatives, to discover the impact of the national legislations Uganda Human Organ Donation and Transplant Act in minimising illicit human organ harvesting and transplant, and to identify the gaps in the existing legal framework regulating human organ transplant and donation. The study employed a descriptive research design with majorly qualitative aspect. The study was majorly desktop research. Data was analysed qualitatively. The stud findings revealed that adequate legislation, ethical frameworks, regulatory oversight and governance are essential for the legal and ethical practice of tissue and organ procurement for transplants in order to meet the needs of recipients, protect donors and ensuring the dignity of everyone involved in the process. Uganda has legal framework regulating illicit human organ transplant and donations, mainly the Uganda Human Organ and Transplant Act, 2022; and the Declaration of Istanbul on Organ Trafficking and Transplant Tourism, 2008. It is revealed that the existing legal framework has helped to minimize on the human organ trafficking and regulating the transplant tourism. It also regulates the conduct of donation and transplant activities, with the establishment of the Uganda Organ and Transplant Council to oversee organ and cell donation as well as transplantation of organs. In Uganda, having designated Mulago National Referral Hospital as transplant centre, the national programs donation and transplantation of organs, cells and tissues is not consolidated. Indeed, these programs gad generally inadequate infrastructures, lack of technical expertise, including competent human resources, insufficient institutional support, and technology. Furthermore, the lack of public education, awareness and motivation for organ donation in Uganda especially barriers of cultural, religious and social traditions create barriers limiting access to donation and transplantation services. The study recommended that organ trafficking and transplant tourism violate the principles of equity, justice and respect for human dignity, and should be prohibited; and areas of further research were suggested.
An Analysis of the Impact That Medical Malpractice Has on the Right to Health
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-06-07) Jamilah Nankwanga
This paper examines the intricate relationship between medical malpractice and the fundamental right to health. It delves into the various dimensions of medical malpractice, encompassing errors in diagnosis, treatment, and surgical procedures, and analyses their ramifications on individuals' access to quality healthcare services. By drawing upon legal frameworks, ethical considerations, and empirical evidence, this study elucidates how instances of medical malpractice can undermine patients' rights to timely, effective, and safe healthcare. Furthermore, it explores the broader societal implications, including diminished trust in healthcare systems, increased healthcare costs, and disparities in healthcare access. Through a comprehensive examination of case studies, policy interventions, and international perspectives, this paper seeks to inform stakeholders and policymakers about the multifaceted impact of medical malpractice on the realization of the right to health, ultimately advocating for reforms aimed at enhancing patient safety and promoting equitable healthcare delivery.
Assessing the Enforcement of Sexual Harassment Policies in Learning Institutions in Uganda. Challenges, Progress and Recommendations
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-06-06) Isabella Adong
Sexual Harassment is defined as behaviour characterized by the making of unwelcome and inappropriate sexual remarks or physical advances in a workplace or other professional or social situation. Sexual Harassment is a pervasive problem in education that affects both the learning Institution's integrity as well as students’ confidence who fall victim to it. Sexual Harassment is, however, a small section of a broader term called sexual violence. This research looks at the different laws that expressly provide for sexual harassment: international laws, domestic laws, and learning institutional policies. This dissertation looks at the various challenges facing the enforcement of these sexual harassment policies in learning institutions in Uganda, as well as the various things adopted to improve the enforcement of these policies. This dissertation employs various methodology which include use of questionnaire and assessing literature. I will also critique various existing literature on sexual harassment enforcement.
An Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Legal Framework on Access to Justice by Children in Juvenile Detention in Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-06-06) Deborah Watum Ajok
This study analyses the effectiveness of the legal framework on access to justice by children in juvenile detention in Uganda. It offers a background into the system and practice of juvenile detention, showing its history and development both internationally and within Uganda. It looks at the legal regime governing juvenile detention and the wider system within which children are protected. The primary laws analysed in Uganda include the Constitution, The Children’s Act as amended and all the related laws thereunder. It further looks at the international and regional instruments signed for the protection of children and for the treatment of prisoners both adult and juvenile. In order to determine the effectiveness of all the above in access to justice by children in detention, the socio-cultural framework of the country is analysed and the gaps in the enforcement of the laws are mentioned. The challenges to the access of justice of children are seen to be both legal and social, and the solutions entail a repair on both sides. The research recommends that specific laws codifying the treatment of children in juvenile detention be the priority, and a mechanism of controlling the discretion which officers exercise in juvenile matters be developed.
Exploring the Stringency of Legal Framework and Determining Tests for Contract of Service on the Evolving Employment Systems in Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-06-06) Hail Hilda Komuhendo
The study is focused on exploring the stringency of the legal framework and determining tests for contract of service on the evolving employment systems in Uganda. This is prompted by the urgency of the need for labour protection with the increased workers and usage of the evolving employment systems; the gig economy, digital platforms and more globalised means. The study adopted a doctrinal legal research methodology where there was an analysis of legal principles, journals and textbooks. The study found out that workers under the evolved employment systems are estranged from employment protection. From the findings, it is recommended that the Ugandan legal framework incharge of employment protection should create bodies and reforms to regulate and protect those under the evolving employment systems.
Subrogation and Confiscatory Premiums. An Examination of the Contractual Right to Subrogation and Whether Anti-subrogation Statutes Should Be Enacted in Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2024-05-29) Patricia Kyakuhaire
This dissertation presents the results of the research study on subrogation and confiscatory premiums in Uganda. This study is aimed at analyzing the contractual right to subrogation and whether anti-subrogation statutes should be enacted in the country. The study is majorly founded on insurance law which is contract based. Insurance is a contract under which one party known as the insurer in exchange for a premium, agrees with another party known as the policy holder to make a payment, or provide a benefit to the policy holder or another person on the occurrence of a specified uncertain event which if it occurs, will be adverse to the interests of the policy holder or to the interests of a person who will receive the payment or benefit , as elaborated in the case of Prudential Insurance Company V Commissioners of Inland Revenue . Insurance like any other contract involves two parties that include the insured who pays premium and passes on the risk to the insurer who is usually the insurance company. The general principle is that once a peril occurs that is insured, the insured must be fully indemnified before the insurer can subrogate , and this right is only enjoyed by the insurer. Subrogation is a substitution of one person for another, so that the same rights and duties which were attached to the original are attached to that third party . However, subrogation moves in handy with payment of premiums which are usually non-refundable. Confiscatory premiums are those premiums taken by an authority of law compulsorily as long as one agrees to enter an insurance contract. Insurance contracts are non-profit making contracts but this rule seemingly applies to the insured and not the insurance company (insurer), and this makes it an unfair concept. This research therefore intends to analyze the impact of confiscatory premiums on the insured and insurer. It will also point out some recommendations that will improve on the knowledge gap in insurance law. Some of these recommendations include promoting equality and equity. Others are sensitization of masses, enactment of new laws and amendment of some of the existing laws that seem to be bent to one side, in relation to subrogation in Insurance in Uganda.

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