Investigating the Use of Wastewater Sludge-Based Fuels
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Date
2024-04-17
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Abstract
This study examines the potential of wastewater sludge-based fuels through
hydrothermal carbonisation, a process of converting biomass into carbonaceous
material under elevated temperature and pressure in a closed system. The
investigation aims to utilize wastewater sludge from the UCU Wastewater treatment
plant as a biofuel, focusing on determining its properties as a suitable feedstock,
optimizing process conditions for maximum hydrochar yield and briquette formation,
evaluating the fuel characteristics of the resulting briquettes, and conducting a cost-
benefit analysis. Proximate analysis, calorimetry, water boiling tests, and AHP
analysis were employed. Optimal conditions were found at 230°C with 50% moisture
content for 2 hours, yielding a heating value of 14.89 MJ/kg. Briquettes composed
of 15% starch, 5% sand, and 80% hydrochar exhibited favourable properties, although
reactor instability at high moisture content levels suggests the need for a stirred
hydrothermal reactor. Further research to enhance briquette water resistance is
recommended to improve durability for diverse applications.