Bachelor of Procurement & Logistics Management

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Electronic procurement practices and cost reduction: a case of Brookside Dairy Limited, Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-21) Yvonne Komuntale
The study examined the electronic procurement practices and cost reduction of an organization. A case Study of Brookside Dairy Limited company. The study was guided by objectives which included, to examine the relationship between e -supplier management and cost reduction in Brookside Dairy Limited, to examine the relationship between e-invoicing and cost reduction in Brookside Dairy Limited and also to examine the relationship between e-tendering and cost reduction in Brookside Dairy Limited. The study was carried out using questionnaires with the selected lower-level employees of Brookside Dairy Limited and interviews with top management of the company. The study was carried out using a case study research design. The data were collected using questionnaires and during the data collection, purposive sampling method was used. A sample size of the females was 59.4% and the males were 40.6%. This finding suggests that the use of electronic supplier management has improved coordination and also E-supplier management enables timely sharing of information with suppliers, reducing procurement.
Life cycle costing adoption and application and the effectiveness of procurement in public entities
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-15) Godwin Nomwesigwa
This study examined the influence of Life Cycle Costing (LCC) adoption and application on procurement effectiveness in public sector entities in Uganda, with specific reference to Mukono District Headquarters. The study was guided by three objectives: to assess the level of LCC adoption, to examine its influence on procurement effectiveness, and to identify challenges affecting its implementation. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was employed, using a quantitative approach. Data were collected from 23 procurement and finance professionals through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis with the aid of SPSS. The findings revealed that Life Cycle Costing is partially adopted within public procurement processes, with greater emphasis placed on acquisition and operational costs, while maintenance and disposal costs receive comparatively less attention. A correlation analysis found a positive association between all LCC aspects and procurement effectiveness. Regression analysis revealed that acquisition cost was the strongest factor associated with the procurement process (β = 0.431), followed by disposal cost (β = 0.112). Operation cost had a moderate effect while maintenance cost was negatively associated (β = -0.055), showing deficiencies in maintenance management. Further findings reveal that implementation of LCC is crucial for enhancing cost efficiency, quality, and value for money, but its effects on procurement timeliness are minimal. Major barriers to adopting LCC include lack of adequate technical expertise, absence of accurate data, poor training, low-value procurement policy, and change resistance. The study concludes that while LCC has the potential to enhance procurement effectiveness, its application in public entities remains fragmented and inconsistent. It recommends strengthening institutional capacity, integrating LCC into procurement frameworks, enhancing data systems, and enforcing policy guidelines to support comprehensive lifecycle-based decision-making
The effect of logistics outsourcing on operational efficiency in Uganda's manufacturing sector: a case study of Nile Breweries Limited
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-14) Samuel Luanda Hangyi
This study examined the impact of logistics outsourcing on operational efficiency of manufacturing industry in Uganda, focusing on Nile Breweries Limited. Indeed, as Christopher (2016) notes, it is evident that logistics outsourcing will be significant for manufacturing firms in operational performance improvement, cost reduction, and supply chain responsiveness. The study considered the following: first, the review of logistics costs and delivery time in outsourcing; the second, the examination of views of the key respondents on outsourcing; and third, the evaluation of operational efficiency in outsourcing. In conducting the research, a case study using mixed methods of research, both quantitative and qualitative, was adopted. Data on logistics costs and delivery times were collected and analyzed for the period after outsourcing. Qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews with selected key personnel drawn from Logistics/Supply chain, Operations, Finance, Procurement, Sales and Packaging. The population was 23 staff members, and the sample size of 22 respondents was arrived at using Yamane’s formula with 5% level of precision. The team conducted a pilot test to ascertain the appropriateness of the data collection instruments with expert review to ensure the reliability and content validity of the questionnaire. This study found that outsourced logistics reduce delivery times and result in cost savings for companies. However, it is less effective when conducted as a series of simple transactional agreements rather than a joint venture. According to Lambert and Cooper (2000), a jointure venture encourages communication and facilitates developing long-term relationships. Indeed, the respondents generally felt that they had experienced better on-time deliveries and lower costs. However, they also cited increased coordination complexity and service glitches. The interviews brought one central theme to light: outsourcing will only be effective when it is subject to a high level of managerial attention and continuous performance monitoring. The three-legged approach of managing partnerships well, building capacity, and monitoring performance has proven to be the key to the success of outsourcing. The lesson to be learned from these companies is that manufacturing organizations must form partnerships through collaborative outsourcing, with a close eye.
The influence of third party service providers on logistical operation
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-18) Monica Aboth
It investigated the role of third party logistics (3PL) service providers for the logistical operations of Afro Freight Clearing and Forwarding Company Limited in Kampala, Uganda, a study that was motivated by the numerous logistical problems like delayed delivery services, bad inventory management and low customer satisfaction, which are affecting the performance of third party logistics arrangements in the region. The study used a convergent parallel mixed-methods design, with the three aims of the study being warehousing, transportation, and order fulfilment services, and quantitative and qualitative data were gathered from all the 30 employees by using structured questionnaires and interview guides, respectively, followed by analysis of the data using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis. Results show how third-party warehousing can help increase inventory accuracy and decrease holding costs, and how transportation services are the most significant contributor, thereby improving delivery reliability and decreasing lead time. Order fulfillment services also help to ensure faster processing times, decrease mistakes, and boost customer satisfaction. It is found that the effective integration of 3PL providers enhances operational efficiency, reliability and service quality, and suggests that organisations should have strong partnerships with competent 3PL providers, have effective performance monitoring systems and improve the coordination systems. Future research is directed toward the role of digital technologies in enhancing third-party logistics performance in comparable resource-constrained contexts.
The effects of online bidding on organizational performance in government entities: a case of Mukono District Local Government
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-25) Benjamin Nahamya
The study sought to examine the effects of online bidding on organizational performance in government entities: a case of Mukono District Local Government (MDLG). The study was guided by three objectives: examining the relationship between electronic advertising and organizational performance in MDLG, establishing the relationship between electronic bid submission and organizational performance in MDLG, and determining the relationship between electronic bid evaluation and organizational performance in MDLG. The study was carried out using descriptive correlational research design where both quantitative and qualitative research approaches were utilized. Questionnaires were used to collect data from a sample of 52 lower-level employees of MDLG, whereas interviews were conducted with the key informants who are top management of MDLG. The results indicated that electronic advertising (r = 0.636**, p < 0.05), electronic bid submission (r = 0.674**, p < 0.05) and electronic bid evaluation (r = 0.605**, p < 0.05) had strong relationship with organizational performance while using online bidding in Mukono District Local Government. The results show that these practices boost transparency, efficiency, fairness, supplier involvement, and accountability in procurement activities, which ultimately results in improved procurement outcomes and overall performance in MDLG. Finally, the study suggested that electronic procurement systems should be strengthened and fully institutionalized in MDLG through the improvement of evaluation processes as well as improving the accessibility of the electronic procurement systems, ICT infrastructure and capacity building of staff and suppliers. The improvements are hoped to enhance transparency, improve efficiency, be fair, ensure active participation of suppliers and improve accountability in procurement activities leading to improved organizational performance in Mukono District Local Government.
The impact of e-procurement systems on organisational performance case study: War child South Sudan
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-08) Diana Shally
This study examined the impact of e-procurement systems on organizational performance at War Child South Sudan. The study was guided by three objectives: to examine the relationship between e-procurement and overall organizational performance, to assess its impact on procurement efficiency and cost effectiveness, and to evaluate its impact on procurement transparency, accountability, and donor confidence. The research was motivated by the need to address inefficiencies associated with manual procurement systems in humanitarian organizations operating in fragile states like South Sudan. A descriptive research design was adopted for this study using an approach. Data was collected from 40 respondents at WCSS using questionnaires. The data were analyzed with statistics, such as frequencies and percentages, and presented in tables and charts. The study looked at procurement efficiency, cost-effectiveness, transparency, accountability, and overall organizational performance. These key variables helped understand their impact on WCSS with a focus on procurement efficiency and how it affects cost-effectiveness, transparency, and accountability, ultimately driving performance. The study found that e-procurement really helps WCSS work. Most people who took part in the study said that e-procurement makes it faster to buy things, reduces paperwork and mistakes, helps different departments work together better, and costs less. Also, e-procurement helps make things clear and makes people more responsible. Makes donors trust WCSS more because it's easier to keep track of records and there's less chance of cheating. The e-procurement system at WCSS makes a difference. It helps WCSS work.
Impact of supplier digital literacy on E procurement system utilization in local government entities
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-22) Kathylen Cynthia Namatovu
Though, the Electronic Government Procurement (e-GP) systems are becoming popular, In Uganda, notably in small scale, the involvement of suppliers from the local government level is low in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). This study investigated the effect of local suppliers' digital literacy on the use of the e-procurement system in Uganda. government D seventh entities were guided by the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) has been developed by government entities guided by it, Davis (1989). The study pursued three specific objectives: to assess the current levels of digital literacy among registered suppliers, to measure suppliers’ actual system use, and to determine the relationship between digital literacy and e-GP system utilization. The survey approach involved a cross-sectional study design. Data were gathered from 31 individuals, including suppliers, vendors, and procurement officers from local government agencies in Uganda. Digital literacy was gauged through a five-item tool, which evaluated operational capability, navigation, documentation, technical competence, and digital literacy awareness. System use was gauged through behavioral measures such as system use frequency, ease of use ratings, and online task completion. The study recommends that PPDA adopts to structured, tier-based digital literacy training for suppliers. The local governments are recommended to put in place appropriate measures for supporting suppliers. A usability redesign of the e-GP system based on user experience principles is proposed. Future studies should consider employing large sample sizes and long-term designs, and performance indicators to assess e-procurement use.
The impact of Electric Point Of Sale (EPOS) System on supply chain coordination case study: Mega Standard Supermarket
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-07) Lucky Peace Lamaro
This study looked into how electronic point of sale systems affected the coordination of the supply chain in a retail business, specifically, the Mega Standard Supermarket in Kampala, Uganda. The study's three main goals were to ascertain how the supply chain’s coordination was impacted by the EPOS systems’ information-sharing capabilities, inventory replenishment support, and stock management efficacy. This study used a case study research design and a quantitative research methodology. 52 respondents completed questionnaires to provide data, which were further examined using the SPSS software, both inferential statistics (correlation analysis) and descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, averages, and standard deviations) were used. The results showed a statistically significant positive association between supply chain coordination and the POS systems’ ability to share information and their stock control effectiveness. Supply chain coordination was found to have a statistically negligible link with inventory replenishment support, notwithstanding their favorable relationship. In summary, suggestions were made for improved system integration, provision of comprehensive training, and ensuring reliable ICT infrastructure since even though the use of EPOS systems, which provide real-time data regarding stocks, helps in proper coordination of the supply chain, their role had been restricted by various factors, such as lack of system integration with suppliers and inadequate infrastructure.
The effect of inventory management practices on service delivery: a case of study on Pearl Wellness Center, Mukono
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-08) Priscilla Nabajja
This study examined the effect of inventory management practices on service delivery at Pearl Wellness Centre in Mukono, Uganda. The main objective of the study was to assess how inventory management practices influence service delivery, with specific focus on inventory management practices used at the Centre, the relationship between inventory accuracy and service delivery, and the challenges affecting effective inventory management. This study adopted a mixed-methods approach, using both qualitative and quantitative methods. A sample of 15 was surveyed through questionnaires, interviews and observations. Data was tabulated, frequency and percentages were used to interpret the findings. The study established that Pearl Wellness Centre has basic inventory management practices that include using previous consumption data, stock-taking and matching physical and recorded stocks. The study also revealed a positive link between inventory accuracy and service delivery, in that inventory accuracy results in less emergency orders, better service and satisfied customers. But the study found factors negatively impacting effective inventory management, such as lack of financial support, ineffective supplier coordination, use of manual systems, absence of modern technology and poor supervision. The study found that good inventory management practices enhance service delivery at Pearl Wellness Centre by ensuring supply of medical items and avoiding service disruptions. The study concluded that the Centre should implement computerised systems, improve supplier coordination, increase funding for inventory management, and strengthen staff training and supervision to improve inventory performance and service delivery. Accuracy and service delivery, and the challenges affecting effective inventory management.
E-procurement on organizational efficiency
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-13) Winfred Nambozo
The study investigated the influence of e-procurement on cost efficiency of the Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA) in particular, the level of e-procurement adoption, its influence on cost efficiency and the factors that hinder its successful adoption. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and organisational e-readiness were used as theoretical framework. A quantitative cross-sectional survey design was adopted, with a survey sample size of 56 respondents from procurement, finance, ICT and administration departments at KCCA, of which 54 were properly responded to (96.4% response rate). The questionnaires were administered and analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation and regression analysis with the help of SPSS.The results showed that e-procurement adoption at KCCA is average with a grand mean of 3.49, suggesting that e-procurement is in place, but not yet fully integrated. It was also revealed that e-procurement has a positive impact on cost efficiency with a grand mean of 3.81, especially in terms of cost reduction, reduction in expenses for printing and distribution of documents and improved budget management. E-procurement also showed a positive impact on organisational efficiency with a grand mean of 3.74, suggesting that respondents generally believe e-procurement enhances efficiency. But results from Pearson correlation analysis showed that e-procurement adoption has weak positive but statistically insignificant correlation with organizational efficiency (r = 0.218, p = 0.114), and cost efficiency has weak positive but statistically insignificant correlation with organisational efficiency (r = 0.064, p = 0.645). There was also a weak negative and insignificant link between implementation challenges and organizational efficiency (r = -0.083, p = 0.552). The key challenges of e-procurement implementation include security, lack of coordination among departments, insufficient ICT infrastructure and poor internet connectivity with a grand mean of 4.27. The study finds that while e-procurement can increase efficiency at KCCA, it is limited by partial implementation and implementation challenges. The study suggests strengthening the full integration of e-procurement systems, enhancing ICT infrastructure, staff training and capacity building, and coordination and monitoring processes to optimise efficiency benefits. The study adds to the evidence on e-procurement and efficiency in the Uganda public sector
Impact Of electronic government procurement system on organisational performance at the Office of the Prime Minister Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-19) Aleper Theacla
This research paper sought to investigate the impact of the use of the Electronic Government Procurement (E-GP) system on procurement cycle time at the Office of the Prime Minister (OPM) in Uganda. This research was prompted by the inefficiencies that have been experienced in public procurement procedures, especially with regard to procurement cycle times. The study aimed at examining the impact of the implementation of the E-GP system on procurement cycle time, identifying the challenges faced in the implementation process, analyzing the importance of the electronic payment system, and suggesting ways of enhancing the system. The research employed quantitative case study design. A sample of fifteen respondents consisting of procurement officials, financial officials, ICT officials, top-level managers, and suppliers was selected purposefully. However, the overall decline in the cycle time of procurement processes is still impeded by various issues, such as the poor state of ICT infrastructure, lack of user training, poor integration of the system, and resistance to change. Also, it has been noted that despite contributing to higher transparency and tracking of payments, e-payment did not have a significant influence on the pace of transactions because of some extraneous economic and institutional reasons. In conclusion, it is possible to say that, while being highly effective in terms of procurement efficiency enhancement, the use of the E-GP system depends on some additional conditions, such as system integration and institutional and technological support for procurement.
Exploring the role of ERP systems in enhancing procurement process efficiency: a case study of Nakasero hospital Limited
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-18) Lavrick Juan Tunda
This study examined the role of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems in enhancing procurement process efficiency at Nakasero Hospital Limited in Uganda. The study focused on three key aspects of ERP systems: automation of procurement processes, integration of procurement functions, and user adoption and system usability. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was adopted, and data was collected from hospital staff using structured questionnaires. The findings revealed that ERP systems significantly improve procurement efficiency by reducing processing time, minimizing errors, enhancing coordination between departments, and improving data accuracy. Regression analysis further indicated that ERP integration had the strongest influence on procurement efficiency, followed by automation and user adaptability. The study concludes that effective implementation and use of ERP systems enhance cost-effectiveness, timeliness, and accuracy in procurement processes. It recommends continuous system upgrades, staff training, and improved system utilization to maximize the benefits of ERP systems in healthcare institutions.
The effects of e-sourcing on environmental sustainability
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-07) Sarah Mbabazi
This study examined the effects of e-sourcing on environmental sustainability in Uganda. The research was guided by three specific objectives: to assess the effect of e-sourcing practices on environmental sustainability outcomes, to examine how the integration of environmental criteria in e-sourcing platforms influences green supplier selection, and to evaluate the extent to which e-sourcing enhances organizational compliance with environmental sustainability expectations. The research was based on the Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) Theory, which underlines the incorporation of environmental aspects into the procurement and supply chain activities. Quantitative cross sectional research design was adopted and data was collected using structured questionnaires of 52 respondents sampled in Uganda among public and private organization. The data was examined with the help of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, correlation and regression analysis. The results revealed that e-sourcing practices play a significant role in ensuring environmental sustainability by minimizing paper consumption, maximizing efficiency, and improving transparency. The paper also indicated that incorporation of environmental criteria in the e-sourcing systems has a positive effect in the selection of environmentally friendly suppliers. Nevertheless, such obstacles as the lack of technological infrastructure and insufficient focus on the environmental standards were observed. The research concluded that although e-sourcing has a great potential in enhancing the sustainability of the environment, its success or failure hinges on the level of implementation and institutional support. It suggested that policy frameworks should be strengthened, system capabilities should be increased, and people should become more aware of the green procurement practices.
Assesing the Barriers to Implementation of Sustainable Supplychain Practices
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-08) Ivan Henry Ogaino
An assessment of the hindrances to the adoption of Sustainable Supply Chain Practices (SSCP) at Mukwano Industries Ltd. Due to the increased focus worldwide on sustainability, manufacturing organizations have been compelled to consider sustainability in terms of environmental, socio- economic, and other aspects of the supply chains. However, despite the need for the organizations in developing countries to adopt these initiatives, they fail to do so in a significant manner. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to identify any financial, technological, organizational, and institutional barriers to the adoption of SSCP at Mukwano Industries Ltd. Descriptive research was adopted along with the application of quantitative method. The questionnaires were administered to employees involved in procurement, logistics, manufacturing, and management departments. Descriptive statistics, including means and standard deviations, were used to analyze the collected data. The results show that the high cost of implementing SSCP, inadequate financial resources, poor technological infrastructure, employee resistance, lack of top management commitment, insufficient knowledge of sustainability practices, and weak enforcement of environmental regulations are among the key barriers to the adoption of SSCP. Organizational and financial constraints emerged as the most significant challenges affecting implementation. In conclusion, although Mukwano Industries Ltd recognizes the importance of sustainable supply chain practices, various internal and external barriers limit their effective adoption. The study recommends strengthening management support, enhancing employee capacity through training, adopting appropriate technologies, ensuring proper budgeting and allocation of funds, and enforcing environmental laws. This research contributes valuable insights to the existing body of knowledge on sustainable supply chain management in developing countries.
The effect of digital technologies on operational efficiency in Medium Entreprises: a case study of Paris Corner Supermarket, Mukono
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-18) Innocent Niwamanya
Abstract This paper investigated how the digital technologies have influenced the operational efficiency of Paris Corner Supermarket, a medium-sized retail business in Mukono Municipality, Uganda. Although the use of the Point-of-Sale (POS) systems, computerized inventory management, electronic payments, and digital communication tools started in 2020, the long queues, stockouts, and inaccurate data remained some of the concerns, whether these technologies could have provided the desired speed, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness. The study embraced a descriptive cross-sectional case study design. A census-based sample of 30 out of 32 staff (management, cashiers, and inventory personnel) provided primary data collected using structured Likert-scale questionnaires and interviews. Thematic analysis, Pearson correlation, and descriptive statistics (means and standard deviations) were used to analyse the data. The results showed the significant positive effect of digital technologies on operational efficiency (the overall mean = 3.85). The strongest influence on accuracy and reliability was on POS systems (mean = 3.90; r = 0.78) and then inventory systems on real time tracking (mean = 3.89; r = 0.72). The intermediate impact was on the speed of service using digital communication tools (mean = 3.63; r = 0.58). Nevertheless, infrastructural obstacles (network and power instability), technical hiccups, and lack of staff digital skills were significant hindrances to full benefits. The research concludes that digital technologies have significantly improved the working efficiency of Paris Corner Supermarket, but the most significant benefits can be achieved with the additional investments into the effective infrastructure and constant training. The suggestions are two-WAN internet backup, digital skills training (once a month), and cycle counting. The results will have practical implications to medium sized supermarkets, as well as, policy implications in terms of the digital transformation of the Uganda retail industry. Keywords: digital technologies, operational efficiency, POS systems, inventory management, medium enterprises, Uganda.
The effect of early supplier involvement on customer satisfaction in Health Care: Case study Nakasero Hospital Limited
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-04-30) Shanitah Namuswe
This study examined the effect of early supplier involvement (ESI) on customer satisfaction at Nakasero Hospital Limited in Kampala, Uganda. ESI was measured through three dimensions: supplier integration, information sharing, and collaborative problem solving.A cross-sectional survey design with mixed methods was employed. Data were collected from 52 employees using questionnaires aand Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation.Findings revealed strong positive relationships between all ESI dimensions and customer satisfaction. Information sharing had the strongest correlation (r = 0.856, p < 0.001), followed by collaborative problem solving (r = 0.820, p < 0.001), and supplier integration (r = 0.761, p < 0.001). Respondents agreed that effective supplier communication improves service delivery (Mean = 4.077) and early supplier involvement aligns with hospital needs (Mean = 4.000).The study concludes that early supplier involvement significantly enhances customer satisfaction in healthcare settings. Recommendations include strengthening supplier integration in procurement planning, adopting digital communication systems, and promoting collaborative problem-solving partnerships.
The impact of green practices on organizational performance: A research at National Medical Stores Entebbe
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-04-29) Daniel Oonyu
This study examined the impact of green practices on organizational performance at the National Medical Stores (NMS) in Uganda. The main objective was to assess how environmentally sustainable practices influence organizational efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and service delivery. Specifically, the study analyzed the relationship between green practices and performance, identified challenges affecting their adoption, and proposed strategies to enhance their implementation. The research was driven by the need to determine whether sustainability initiatives lead to measurable improvements in performance within a public healthcare supply chain context. The study employed a mixed-methods case study design, combining both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative data was collected through structured questionnaires administered to 67 employees selected using purposive sampling, with the sample size determined using Taro Yamane’s formula. Qualitative data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with key informants. Data sources included both primary and secondary materials such as organizational reports and documents. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative findings were used to support and explain the numerical results. The findings indicated that green practices at NMS are moderately implemented, particularly in green procurement, waste management, energy efficiency, and eco-friendly packaging. These practices were found to have a positive impact on organizational performance, contributing to cost reduction, improved efficiency, better resource utilization, enhanced organizational reputation, and compliance with regulations. However, key challenges include limited awareness, inadequate funding, insufficient training, resistance to change, and weak supplier support. The study concludes that while green practices significantly improve performance, their success depends on consistent implementation and strong institutional support. It recommends enhancing staff training, increasing investment in sustainable technologies, strengthening policy frameworks, to maximize the benefits of green practices.
The contribution of spend analysis to effective strategic procurement for sustainable business practices
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-04-28) Priscilla Akwii
This paper has explored the importance of spend analysis in enhancing strategic procurement decision making. To sustainable business practices within the Ugandan organizations. The primary goals were to: (1) study the benefits of spend analysis in improving strategic and sustainable procurement decisions; (2) study. The obstacles which curtail successful application of spend analysis; and (3) measure it’s. Add value to cost efficiency and sustainability effectiveness. The research design involved a descriptive research design and used both quantitative and qualitative. Methods. The respondents were procurement officers and procurement (there were 109 respondents altogether). through questionnaires and interviews, managers, accountants and stores officers. Quantitative data were evaluated by the use of Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) and qualitative. thematic interpretation of responses was done to justify and explain the findings. The results indicated that the use of spend analysis remains minimal. The majority of organizations do not. Periodically check procurement spending and use manual or semi-digital monitoring. Difficulties like poor analytical abilities, missing or incomplete data, absence of digital resources, spend analysis is impeded by budget constraints, and lack of proper management support. Irrespective of these hurdles, spend analysis is moderately effective in cost optimization in procurement. By finding cost-saving opportunities, minimizing wasteful expenditure and assisting in. supplier contract negotiations. It has an effect on sustainability performance, though. Relatively low, because sustainability considerations are not incorporated in procurement considerations in full. The conclusion of the paper is that. Spend analysis is a valuable strategic and sustainable procurement tool, yet it requires well. Skilled people, quality data, good ICT networks, sufficient. finance and good management. Back-up. It proposes the investment in digital tools, staff training and increased leadership engagement to harness all spend analysis to achieve cost efficiency and sustainable procurement practices. Keywords: Strategic Procurement, Spend Analysis, Cost Optimization, Uganda, Sustainability.
The effect Of digital procurement platforms on susutainable sourcing In SMEs in Kampala Uganda
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-04-27) David Guum
This study examines the impact of digital procurement platforms on sustainable product sourcing among small retail businesses in Kampala, Uganda. The research is guided by R. Edward Freeman’s Stakeholder Theory, which emphasizes the influence of stakeholders on organizational decision-making and business practices. In the context of increasing global attention to sustainability, particularly through the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, businesses are expected to integrate environmental, social, and economic considerations into their procurement and supply chain processes. However, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in developing economies often encounter structural and technological limitations that constrain their ability to implement sustainable sourcing practices. At the retail sector around Kampala, procurement processes are still associated with informal activities which include face-to-face negotiations, manual records as well as cash, which lack transparency and ability to trace suppliers. This research design was a qualitative investigation based on descriptive research design in order to understand the experience and perception of small retailers and managers in the implementation of digital procurement platforms. The data was collected by using the semi structured interviews with 20-30 purposely chosen participants that were with a minimum of two years of business experience and familiarity with digital procurement tools. The thematic analysis was carried out to analyze this data as suggested by Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke. The codification process involved deductive themes which were based on the goals of the research and Stakeholder Theory and inductive findings which appeared through the reaction of the participants. The results show that the degree of small retail business adoption of digital procurement platforms in Kampala is moderate with a larger percentage transitional. Retailers are slowly integrating applications like electronic catalogues, supplier portal and online ordering systems. As it is demonstrated, the ethics of stakeholders such as customer demands of the ethically sourced products, regulatory demands of adequate record-keeping, and competitive demands of the retail industry are the major drivers of adoption. A number of obstacles to widespread adoption exist, such as prohibitive pricing of the internet, lack of digital literacy, unreliable infrastructure, and existing dependencies on personal supplier relationships. Nevertheless, these issues have not stopped the platforms leading to a greater level of procurement transparency, an increase in accountability due to the digital records, and more systematized supplier assessment. These enhancements contribute to advancing sustainability across the three aspects of the triple bottom line: the environmental aspect, due to reduced paper waste and improved inventory management; the social aspect, due to enhanced supplier visibility and reliability; and the economic aspect, due to lower transaction costs and stock- outs. However, price remains a significant factor affecting sourcing decisions. This research indicates that stakeholders' expectations are largely mediating factors in determining how well these platforms enhance sustainable sourcing. While digital technologies enhance visibility and information flow, meaningful sustainability outcomes depend largely on how business owners respond to stakeholder demands. This study therefore recommends increased digital literacy support for SMEs, the development of affordable mobile-based procurement platforms, and policy incentives that encourage sustainable sourcing practices among small retail businesses.
An evaluation of the role of electronic payment systems in reducing procurement cycle time in Ugandan institutions
(Uganda Christian University, 2026-05-06) Tyson Tumwebaze
This paper discusses how electronic payment systems (EPS) can help to reduce the procurement cycle time in the Ugandan public institutions, with particular reference to the Ministry of Works and Transport. The study also conceptualizes EPS in terms of strategic technological resources that require complementary organizational capabilities including digital literacy, system integration and ICT infrastructure. The qualitative single-case study design was selected, where purposive and snowball sampling were used to select 17 participants who are involved in procurement and financial processes. The data was gathered by use of an open ended online questionnaire which was supplemented by analysis of documents, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The results indicate that the use of electronic payment systems and, specifically, the Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS) can greatly improve the efficiency of the procurement process through accelerating the speed of the payments processing, increasing the level of transparency, and providing the opportunity to track the transactions in real-time. Nonetheless, these advantages are not always achieved because of entrenched challenges, including; system downtimes, poor internet connectivity, low digital skills, and low level of integration between procurement and financial systems. The paper also determines the major enablers of effective use of EPS including staff training, sound ICT infrastructure and powerful management support and identifies critical gaps in capability that hinder system performance. The research finds that, even though EPS have a high potential of reducing the procurement cycle time, their effects are highly contingent with the existence of complementary capabilities within institutions. It suggests ongoing investment in digital skills building, developing ICT infrastructure, improving system integration and enhancing interdepartmental coordination. In applying RBV to a public sector setting, the study not only adds to the body of theoretical and practical understanding of the topic, but also provides context-specific information on how the topic can be effectively 9 applied to the procurement process in Uganda (and similar developing economies).

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